Source: /home/coolhand/datasets/us-inequality-atlas/disability/census_disability_by_county_2022.csv
Saturn profiled 3,222 rows across 16 columns. The stats below are deterministic and machine-readable; the prose is a language-model interpretation of those stats (opt-in, added after the fact, never sees raw rows).
!pip install saturn-dissect
import subprocess
subprocess.run([
"saturn", "analyze", "/home/coolhand/datasets/us-inequality-atlas/disability/census_disability_by_county_2022.csv",
"--findings", "disability-census_disability_by_county_2022.json",
"--llm", "anthropic:claude-opus-4-7",
])This dataset contains 2022 US Census disability counts for 3,222 counties, broken out by disability type (ambulatory, cognitive, hearing, vision, self-care, independent living) along with totals, a derived disability rate, and FIPS identifiers. Nearly every count column is heavily right-skewed (skew above 10) with substantial outliers — total_population alone ranges from 47 to 9.87M with a mean of ~102K but a median of just 25,328, so a handful of large counties dominate the raw counts. The disability_rate field is the most analyst-friendly view: it's bounded, less skewed (skew 2.17), and centers around a median of 1.07 with an IQR of 0.77–1.42. Start with disability_rate to compare counties on equal footing, then look at total_population to understand the size distribution before interpreting any raw disability counts.
citing: row_count · column_count · total_population · disability_rate · disability_total · ambulatory_disability · independent_living_disability · state_fips
saturn.schema() · 16 columns
| column | kind | n | null% | unique | alerts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fips | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 3,222 | |
| county_name | text | 3,222 | 0.0% | 3,222 | near_unique |
| state_fips | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 52 | |
| county_fips | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 330 | high_skew outliers |
| total_population | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 3,141 | high_skew outliers |
| disability_total | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 1,393 | high_skew outliers |
| disability_rate | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 305 | high_skew |
| no_disability | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 2,955 | high_skew outliers |
| one_disability | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 1,212 | high_skew outliers |
| two_plus_disabilities | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 786 | high_skew outliers |
| hearing_disability | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 2,314 | high_skew outliers |
| vision_disability | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 2,349 | high_skew outliers |
| cognitive_disability | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 2,473 | high_skew outliers |
| ambulatory_disability | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 2,614 | high_skew outliers |
| self_care_disability | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 1,961 | high_skew outliers |
| independent_living_disability | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 2,773 | high_skew outliers |
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 0.2293 | 114 |
| 0.2293 – 0.4585 | 143 |
| 0.4585 – 0.6878 | 352 |
| 0.6878 – 0.917 | 590 |
| 0.917 – 1.146 | 634 |
| 1.146 – 1.376 | 496 |
| 1.376 – 1.605 | 362 |
| 1.605 – 1.834 | 200 |
| 1.834 – 2.063 | 118 |
| 2.063 – 2.292 | 77 |
| 2.292 – 2.522 | 45 |
| 2.522 – 2.751 | 31 |
| 2.751 – 2.98 | 22 |
| 2.98 – 3.21 | 10 |
| 3.21 – 3.439 | 7 |
| 3.439 – 3.668 | 4 |
| 3.668 – 3.897 | 3 |
| 3.897 – 4.127 | 3 |
| 4.127 – 4.356 | 3 |
| 4.356 – 4.585 | 2 |
| 4.585 – 4.814 | 0 |
| 4.814 – 5.043 | 2 |
| 5.043 – 5.273 | 2 |
| 5.273 – 5.502 | 0 |
| 5.502 – 5.731 | 0 |
| 5.731 – 5.961 | 0 |
| 5.961 – 6.19 | 0 |
| 6.19 – 6.419 | 0 |
| 6.419 – 6.648 | 0 |
| 6.648 – 6.878 | 0 |
| 6.878 – 7.107 | 0 |
| 7.107 – 7.336 | 0 |
| 7.336 – 7.565 | 1 |
| 7.565 – 7.795 | 0 |
| 7.795 – 8.024 | 0 |
| 8.024 – 8.253 | 0 |
| 8.253 – 8.482 | 0 |
| 8.482 – 8.712 | 0 |
| 8.712 – 8.941 | 0 |
| 8.941 – 9.17 | 1 |
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 47 – 2.467e+05 | 2942 |
| 2.467e+05 – 4.934e+05 | 137 |
| 4.934e+05 – 7.4e+05 | 56 |
| 7.4e+05 – 9.867e+05 | 39 |
| 9.867e+05 – 1.233e+06 | 13 |
| 1.233e+06 – 1.48e+06 | 9 |
| 1.48e+06 – 1.727e+06 | 7 |
| 1.727e+06 – 1.973e+06 | 3 |
| 1.973e+06 – 2.22e+06 | 3 |
| 2.22e+06 – 2.467e+06 | 4 |
| 2.467e+06 – 2.713e+06 | 3 |
| 2.713e+06 – 2.96e+06 | 0 |
| 2.96e+06 – 3.207e+06 | 2 |
| 3.207e+06 – 3.453e+06 | 0 |
| 3.453e+06 – 3.7e+06 | 0 |
| 3.7e+06 – 3.947e+06 | 0 |
| 3.947e+06 – 4.193e+06 | 0 |
| 4.193e+06 – 4.44e+06 | 1 |
| 4.44e+06 – 4.687e+06 | 0 |
| 4.687e+06 – 4.933e+06 | 1 |
| 4.933e+06 – 5.18e+06 | 0 |
| 5.18e+06 – 5.427e+06 | 1 |
| 5.427e+06 – 5.673e+06 | 0 |
| 5.673e+06 – 5.92e+06 | 0 |
| 5.92e+06 – 6.167e+06 | 0 |
| 6.167e+06 – 6.413e+06 | 0 |
| 6.413e+06 – 6.66e+06 | 0 |
| 6.66e+06 – 6.907e+06 | 0 |
| 6.907e+06 – 7.153e+06 | 0 |
| 7.153e+06 – 7.4e+06 | 0 |
| 7.4e+06 – 7.647e+06 | 0 |
| 7.647e+06 – 7.893e+06 | 0 |
| 7.893e+06 – 8.14e+06 | 0 |
| 8.14e+06 – 8.387e+06 | 0 |
| 8.387e+06 – 8.633e+06 | 0 |
| 8.633e+06 – 8.88e+06 | 0 |
| 8.88e+06 – 9.127e+06 | 0 |
| 9.127e+06 – 9.373e+06 | 0 |
| 9.373e+06 – 9.62e+06 | 0 |
| 9.62e+06 – 9.867e+06 | 1 |
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 1743 | 2797 |
| 1743 – 3485 | 223 |
| 3485 – 5228 | 71 |
| 5228 – 6970 | 42 |
| 6970 – 8713 | 30 |
| 8713 – 1.046e+04 | 20 |
| 1.046e+04 – 1.22e+04 | 8 |
| 1.22e+04 – 1.394e+04 | 7 |
| 1.394e+04 – 1.568e+04 | 7 |
| 1.568e+04 – 1.743e+04 | 0 |
| 1.743e+04 – 1.917e+04 | 2 |
| 1.917e+04 – 2.091e+04 | 2 |
| 2.091e+04 – 2.265e+04 | 1 |
| 2.265e+04 – 2.44e+04 | 4 |
| 2.44e+04 – 2.614e+04 | 2 |
| 2.614e+04 – 2.788e+04 | 0 |
| 2.788e+04 – 2.962e+04 | 1 |
| 2.962e+04 – 3.137e+04 | 1 |
| 3.137e+04 – 3.311e+04 | 0 |
| 3.311e+04 – 3.485e+04 | 0 |
| 3.485e+04 – 3.66e+04 | 0 |
| 3.66e+04 – 3.834e+04 | 1 |
| 3.834e+04 – 4.008e+04 | 0 |
| 4.008e+04 – 4.182e+04 | 0 |
| 4.182e+04 – 4.357e+04 | 0 |
| 4.357e+04 – 4.531e+04 | 1 |
| 4.531e+04 – 4.705e+04 | 0 |
| 4.705e+04 – 4.879e+04 | 0 |
| 4.879e+04 – 5.054e+04 | 0 |
| 5.054e+04 – 5.228e+04 | 0 |
| 5.228e+04 – 5.402e+04 | 1 |
| 5.402e+04 – 5.576e+04 | 0 |
| 5.576e+04 – 5.751e+04 | 0 |
| 5.751e+04 – 5.925e+04 | 0 |
| 5.925e+04 – 6.099e+04 | 0 |
| 6.099e+04 – 6.273e+04 | 0 |
| 6.273e+04 – 6.448e+04 | 0 |
| 6.448e+04 – 6.622e+04 | 0 |
| 6.622e+04 – 6.796e+04 | 0 |
| 6.796e+04 – 6.97e+04 | 1 |
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 3 – 1.371e+04 | 2903 |
| 1.371e+04 – 2.741e+04 | 167 |
| 2.741e+04 – 4.112e+04 | 64 |
| 4.112e+04 – 5.482e+04 | 40 |
| 5.482e+04 – 6.852e+04 | 14 |
| 6.852e+04 – 8.223e+04 | 8 |
| 8.223e+04 – 9.593e+04 | 5 |
| 9.593e+04 – 1.096e+05 | 3 |
| 1.096e+05 – 1.233e+05 | 3 |
| 1.233e+05 – 1.37e+05 | 2 |
| 1.37e+05 – 1.508e+05 | 7 |
| 1.508e+05 – 1.645e+05 | 1 |
| 1.645e+05 – 1.782e+05 | 1 |
| 1.782e+05 – 1.919e+05 | 0 |
| 1.919e+05 – 2.056e+05 | 0 |
| 2.056e+05 – 2.193e+05 | 0 |
| 2.193e+05 – 2.33e+05 | 1 |
| 2.33e+05 – 2.467e+05 | 1 |
| 2.467e+05 – 2.604e+05 | 0 |
| 2.604e+05 – 2.741e+05 | 0 |
| 2.741e+05 – 2.878e+05 | 0 |
| 2.878e+05 – 3.015e+05 | 1 |
| 3.015e+05 – 3.152e+05 | 0 |
| 3.152e+05 – 3.289e+05 | 0 |
| 3.289e+05 – 3.426e+05 | 0 |
| 3.426e+05 – 3.563e+05 | 0 |
| 3.563e+05 – 3.7e+05 | 0 |
| 3.7e+05 – 3.837e+05 | 0 |
| 3.837e+05 – 3.974e+05 | 0 |
| 3.974e+05 – 4.111e+05 | 0 |
| 4.111e+05 – 4.248e+05 | 0 |
| 4.248e+05 – 4.385e+05 | 0 |
| 4.385e+05 – 4.522e+05 | 0 |
| 4.522e+05 – 4.659e+05 | 0 |
| 4.659e+05 – 4.797e+05 | 0 |
| 4.797e+05 – 4.934e+05 | 0 |
| 4.934e+05 – 5.071e+05 | 0 |
| 5.071e+05 – 5.208e+05 | 0 |
| 5.208e+05 – 5.345e+05 | 0 |
| 5.345e+05 – 5.482e+05 | 1 |
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 1 – 2.775 | 97 |
| 2.775 – 4.55 | 15 |
| 4.55 – 6.325 | 133 |
| 6.325 – 8.1 | 64 |
| 8.1 – 9.875 | 9 |
| 9.875 – 11.65 | 4 |
| 11.65 – 13.42 | 226 |
| 13.42 – 15.2 | 5 |
| 15.2 – 16.98 | 44 |
| 16.98 – 18.75 | 194 |
| 18.75 – 20.52 | 204 |
| 20.52 – 22.3 | 184 |
| 22.3 – 24.07 | 40 |
| 24.07 – 25.85 | 14 |
| 25.85 – 27.62 | 170 |
| 27.62 – 29.4 | 197 |
| 29.4 – 31.17 | 149 |
| 31.17 – 32.95 | 17 |
| 32.95 – 34.73 | 31 |
| 34.73 – 36.5 | 95 |
| 36.5 – 38.27 | 153 |
| 38.27 – 40.05 | 165 |
| 40.05 – 41.82 | 36 |
| 41.82 – 43.6 | 67 |
| 43.6 – 45.38 | 51 |
| 45.38 – 47.15 | 161 |
| 47.15 – 48.92 | 254 |
| 48.92 – 50.7 | 43 |
| 50.7 – 52.47 | 133 |
| 52.47 – 54.25 | 94 |
| 54.25 – 56.02 | 95 |
| 56.02 – 57.8 | 0 |
| 57.8 – 59.57 | 0 |
| 59.57 – 61.35 | 0 |
| 61.35 – 63.12 | 0 |
| 63.12 – 64.9 | 0 |
| 64.9 – 66.67 | 0 |
| 66.67 – 68.45 | 0 |
| 68.45 – 70.22 | 0 |
| 70.22 – 72 | 78 |
| column | kind | null % |
|---|---|---|
| fips | numeric | 0.0% |
| county_name | text | 0.0% |
| state_fips | numeric | 0.0% |
| county_fips | numeric | 0.0% |
| total_population | numeric | 0.0% |
| disability_total | numeric | 0.0% |
| disability_rate | numeric | 0.0% |
| no_disability | numeric | 0.0% |
| one_disability | numeric | 0.0% |
| two_plus_disabilities | numeric | 0.0% |
| hearing_disability | numeric | 0.0% |
| vision_disability | numeric | 0.0% |
| cognitive_disability | numeric | 0.0% |
| ambulatory_disability | numeric | 0.0% |
| self_care_disability | numeric | 0.0% |
| independent_living_disability | numeric | 0.0% |
| fips | state_fips | county_fips | total_population | disability_total | disability_rate | no_disability | one_disability | two_plus_disabilities | hearing_disability | vision_disability | cognitive_disability | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fips | +1.00 | +1.00 | +0.15 | -0.07 | -0.08 | -0.06 | -0.07 | -0.08 | -0.08 | -0.08 | -0.08 | -0.08 |
| state_fips | +1.00 | +1.00 | +0.14 | -0.07 | -0.08 | -0.06 | -0.07 | -0.08 | -0.08 | -0.08 | -0.08 | -0.08 |
| county_fips | +0.15 | +0.14 | +1.00 | -0.02 | -0.01 | +0.12 | -0.01 | -0.01 | -0.02 | -0.04 | -0.04 | -0.03 |
| total_population | -0.07 | -0.07 | -0.02 | +1.00 | +0.97 | -0.07 | +1.00 | +0.97 | +0.97 | +0.99 | +0.99 | +0.98 |
| disability_total | -0.08 | -0.08 | -0.01 | +0.97 | +1.00 | -0.02 | +0.98 | +1.00 | +0.99 | +0.98 | +0.98 | +0.99 |
| disability_rate | -0.06 | -0.06 | +0.12 | -0.07 | -0.02 | +1.00 | -0.07 | -0.01 | -0.03 | -0.07 | -0.07 | -0.05 |
| no_disability | -0.07 | -0.07 | -0.01 | +1.00 | +0.98 | -0.07 | +1.00 | +0.98 | +0.97 | +0.98 | +0.98 | +0.98 |
| one_disability | -0.08 | -0.08 | -0.01 | +0.97 | +1.00 | -0.01 | +0.98 | +1.00 | +0.98 | +0.97 | +0.97 | +0.98 |
| two_plus_disabilities | -0.08 | -0.08 | -0.02 | +0.97 | +0.99 | -0.03 | +0.97 | +0.98 | +1.00 | +0.98 | +0.98 | +0.99 |
| hearing_disability | -0.08 | -0.08 | -0.04 | +0.99 | +0.98 | -0.07 | +0.98 | +0.97 | +0.98 | +1.00 | +1.00 | +0.99 |
| vision_disability | -0.08 | -0.08 | -0.04 | +0.99 | +0.98 | -0.07 | +0.98 | +0.97 | +0.98 | +1.00 | +1.00 | +0.99 |
| cognitive_disability | -0.08 | -0.08 | -0.03 | +0.98 | +0.99 | -0.05 | +0.98 | +0.98 | +0.99 | +0.99 | +0.99 | +1.00 |
This column is the FIPS county code: every one of the 3222 rows is unique and non-null, and the value range (1001 to 72153) matches the standard US state+county FIPS encoding. The distribution is near-symmetric (skew 0.16, kurtosis -0.63) with no outliers, which is expected for an identifier rather than a measured quantity. Treat it as a categorical key, not a number.
Treatment: Cast to zero-padded string and use as a join key to county-level data; do not feed as a numeric feature.
saturn.columns["fips"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 3,222 |
| min | 1,001 |
| max | 72,153 |
| mean | 3.138e+04 |
| median | 30,022 |
| std | 1.63e+04 |
| q1 | 1.903e+04 |
| q3 | 4.61e+04 |
| iqr | 27,075 |
| skew | 0.1574 |
| kurtosis | -0.6314 |
| n_outliers | 0 |
| outlier_rate | 0 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
fips. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 1001 – 2780 | 97 |
| 2780 – 4559 | 15 |
| 4559 – 6337 | 133 |
| 6337 – 8116 | 59 |
| 8116 – 9895 | 14 |
| 9895 – 1.167e+04 | 4 |
| 1.167e+04 – 1.345e+04 | 226 |
| 1.345e+04 – 1.523e+04 | 5 |
| 1.523e+04 – 1.701e+04 | 49 |
| 1.701e+04 – 1.879e+04 | 189 |
| 1.879e+04 – 2.057e+04 | 204 |
| 2.057e+04 – 2.235e+04 | 184 |
| 2.235e+04 – 2.413e+04 | 39 |
| 2.413e+04 – 2.59e+04 | 15 |
| 2.59e+04 – 2.768e+04 | 170 |
| 2.768e+04 – 2.946e+04 | 196 |
| 2.946e+04 – 3.124e+04 | 150 |
| 3.124e+04 – 3.302e+04 | 27 |
| 3.302e+04 – 3.48e+04 | 21 |
| 3.48e+04 – 3.658e+04 | 95 |
| 3.658e+04 – 3.836e+04 | 153 |
| 3.836e+04 – 4.013e+04 | 155 |
| 4.013e+04 – 4.191e+04 | 46 |
| 4.191e+04 – 4.369e+04 | 67 |
| 4.369e+04 – 4.547e+04 | 51 |
| 4.547e+04 – 4.725e+04 | 161 |
| 4.725e+04 – 4.903e+04 | 268 |
| 4.903e+04 – 5.081e+04 | 29 |
| 5.081e+04 – 5.259e+04 | 133 |
| 5.259e+04 – 5.436e+04 | 94 |
| 5.436e+04 – 5.614e+04 | 95 |
| 5.614e+04 – 5.792e+04 | 0 |
| 5.792e+04 – 5.97e+04 | 0 |
| 5.97e+04 – 6.148e+04 | 0 |
| 6.148e+04 – 6.326e+04 | 0 |
| 6.326e+04 – 6.504e+04 | 0 |
| 6.504e+04 – 6.682e+04 | 0 |
| 6.682e+04 – 6.86e+04 | 0 |
| 6.86e+04 – 7.037e+04 | 0 |
| 7.037e+04 – 7.215e+04 | 78 |
Each of the 3,222 rows holds a unique county-and-state string (e.g., '... County, Texas'), averaging 24 characters and roughly 3 words. The token 'county,' appears 2,999 times, so a small minority of entries use a different suffix (parish, borough, census area). Texas (256), Virginia (189), and Georgia (159) lead the state distribution, consistent with a full U.S. county roster.
Treatment: Split into county and state fields, then left-join on a FIPS lookup.
saturn.columns["county_name"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 3,222 |
| len_min | 16 |
| len_max | 59 |
| len_mean | 24.32 |
| len_median | 24 |
| len_p95 | 31 |
| word_mean | 3.248 |
| word_median | 3 |
| n_empty | 0 |
| n_duplicates | 0 |
| duplicate_rate | 0 |
| vocab_size | 1,990 |
| readability_flesch_mean | 10.28 |
| emoji_rate | 0 |
| url_rate | 0 |
| one_word_rate | 0 |
| allcaps_rate | 0 |
| boilerplate_rate | 0 |
| alert: near_unique | 100.0% of rows are unique strings |
county_name.
| chars | count |
|---|---|
| 16 – 17 | 26 |
| 17 – 18 | 72 |
| 18 – 19 | 121 |
| 19 – 20 | 190 |
| 20 – 21 | 264 |
| 21 – 22 | 407 |
| 22 – 24 | 420 |
| 24 – 25 | 363 |
| 25 – 26 | 320 |
| 26 – 27 | 240 |
| 27 – 28 | 231 |
| 28 – 29 | 152 |
| 29 – 30 | 139 |
| 30 – 31 | 165 |
| 31 – 32 | 41 |
| 32 – 33 | 28 |
| 33 – 34 | 16 |
| 34 – 35 | 10 |
| 35 – 36 | 5 |
| 36 – 38 | 0 |
| 38 – 39 | 1 |
| 39 – 40 | 1 |
| 40 – 41 | 0 |
| 41 – 42 | 1 |
| 42 – 43 | 1 |
| 43 – 44 | 0 |
| 44 – 45 | 2 |
| 45 – 46 | 0 |
| 46 – 47 | 1 |
| 47 – 48 | 1 |
| 48 – 49 | 0 |
| 49 – 50 | 0 |
| 50 – 51 | 0 |
| 51 – 53 | 0 |
| 53 – 54 | 2 |
| 54 – 55 | 1 |
| 55 – 56 | 0 |
| 56 – 57 | 0 |
| 57 – 58 | 0 |
| 58 – 59 | 1 |
This is almost certainly the US state FIPS code: 52 unique integer values across 3222 rows, ranging from 1 to 72 with no nulls or zeros. The count of 52 (rather than 50) and a max of 72 indicate inclusion of DC and territories like Puerto Rico. Distribution is roughly uniform (skew 0.16, kurtosis -0.63), consistent with a categorical geographic identifier rather than a measurement.
Treatment: Cast to categorical/string and join to a state lookup table; do not treat as a numeric feature.
saturn.columns["state_fips"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 52 |
| min | 1 |
| max | 72 |
| mean | 31.27 |
| median | 30 |
| std | 16.29 |
| q1 | 19 |
| q3 | 46 |
| iqr | 27 |
| skew | 0.1574 |
| kurtosis | -0.6267 |
| n_outliers | 0 |
| outlier_rate | 0 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
state_fips. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 1 – 2.775 | 97 |
| 2.775 – 4.55 | 15 |
| 4.55 – 6.325 | 133 |
| 6.325 – 8.1 | 64 |
| 8.1 – 9.875 | 9 |
| 9.875 – 11.65 | 4 |
| 11.65 – 13.42 | 226 |
| 13.42 – 15.2 | 5 |
| 15.2 – 16.98 | 44 |
| 16.98 – 18.75 | 194 |
| 18.75 – 20.52 | 204 |
| 20.52 – 22.3 | 184 |
| 22.3 – 24.07 | 40 |
| 24.07 – 25.85 | 14 |
| 25.85 – 27.62 | 170 |
| 27.62 – 29.4 | 197 |
| 29.4 – 31.17 | 149 |
| 31.17 – 32.95 | 17 |
| 32.95 – 34.73 | 31 |
| 34.73 – 36.5 | 95 |
| 36.5 – 38.27 | 153 |
| 38.27 – 40.05 | 165 |
| 40.05 – 41.82 | 36 |
| 41.82 – 43.6 | 67 |
| 43.6 – 45.38 | 51 |
| 45.38 – 47.15 | 161 |
| 47.15 – 48.92 | 254 |
| 48.92 – 50.7 | 43 |
| 50.7 – 52.47 | 133 |
| 52.47 – 54.25 | 94 |
| 54.25 – 56.02 | 95 |
| 56.02 – 57.8 | 0 |
| 57.8 – 59.57 | 0 |
| 59.57 – 61.35 | 0 |
| 61.35 – 63.12 | 0 |
| 63.12 – 64.9 | 0 |
| 64.9 – 66.67 | 0 |
| 66.67 – 68.45 | 0 |
| 68.45 – 70.22 | 0 |
| 70.22 – 72 | 78 |
This is the county-level portion of a FIPS code, stored as an integer from 1 to 840 across 3222 rows with no nulls and only 330 distinct values. The distribution is heavily right-skewed (skew 2.87, kurtosis 11.64) with 178 outliers (5.5%), which is expected since county codes are categorical identifiers and most values cluster low (median 79, Q3 133) while a few counties carry much larger codes. Treating this as a numeric feature would be misleading despite the numeric dtype.
Treatment: Cast to categorical and combine with state FIPS to join on full county identifier.
saturn.columns["county_fips"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 330 |
| min | 1 |
| max | 840 |
| mean | 103.2 |
| median | 79 |
| std | 106.6 |
| q1 | 35 |
| q3 | 133 |
| iqr | 98 |
| skew | 2.866 |
| kurtosis | 11.64 |
| n_outliers | 178 |
| outlier_rate | 0.05525 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+2.87 |
| alert: outliers | 5.5% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
county_fips. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 1 – 21.98 | 523 |
| 21.98 – 42.95 | 418 |
| 42.95 – 63.93 | 411 |
| 63.93 – 84.9 | 345 |
| 84.9 – 105.9 | 352 |
| 105.9 – 126.9 | 281 |
| 126.9 – 147.8 | 236 |
| 147.8 – 168.8 | 168 |
| 168.8 – 189.8 | 140 |
| 189.8 – 210.8 | 71 |
| 210.8 – 231.7 | 45 |
| 231.7 – 252.7 | 25 |
| 252.7 – 273.7 | 22 |
| 273.7 – 294.7 | 23 |
| 294.7 – 315.6 | 22 |
| 315.6 – 336.6 | 13 |
| 336.6 – 357.6 | 11 |
| 357.6 – 378.6 | 10 |
| 378.6 – 399.5 | 11 |
| 399.5 – 420.5 | 10 |
| 420.5 – 441.5 | 11 |
| 441.5 – 462.5 | 10 |
| 462.5 – 483.4 | 11 |
| 483.4 – 504.4 | 10 |
| 504.4 – 525.4 | 7 |
| 525.4 – 546.4 | 2 |
| 546.4 – 567.3 | 1 |
| 567.3 – 588.3 | 2 |
| 588.3 – 609.3 | 3 |
| 609.3 – 630.2 | 3 |
| 630.2 – 651.2 | 2 |
| 651.2 – 672.2 | 2 |
| 672.2 – 693.2 | 5 |
| 693.2 – 714.2 | 2 |
| 714.2 – 735.1 | 3 |
| 735.1 – 756.1 | 2 |
| 756.1 – 777.1 | 3 |
| 777.1 – 798.1 | 1 |
| 798.1 – 819 | 2 |
| 819 – 840 | 3 |
Likely a county- or region-level total population count across 3,222 rows with no nulls and 3,141 unique values. The distribution is extremely right-skewed (skew 13.38, kurtosis 298.69): the median is 25,328 but the mean is 102,232 and the max reaches 9,866,623, with 453 outliers (14.06%) flagged above the IQR fence.
Treatment: log-transform before regression to tame the heavy right tail.
saturn.columns["total_population"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 3,141 |
| min | 47 |
| max | 9.867e+06 |
| mean | 1.022e+05 |
| median | 25,328 |
| std | 3.269e+05 |
| q1 | 1.061e+04 |
| q3 | 65,190 |
| iqr | 5.458e+04 |
| skew | 13.38 |
| kurtosis | 298.7 |
| n_outliers | 453 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1406 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+13.38 |
| alert: outliers | 14.1% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
total_population. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 47 – 2.467e+05 | 2942 |
| 2.467e+05 – 4.934e+05 | 137 |
| 4.934e+05 – 7.4e+05 | 56 |
| 7.4e+05 – 9.867e+05 | 39 |
| 9.867e+05 – 1.233e+06 | 13 |
| 1.233e+06 – 1.48e+06 | 9 |
| 1.48e+06 – 1.727e+06 | 7 |
| 1.727e+06 – 1.973e+06 | 3 |
| 1.973e+06 – 2.22e+06 | 3 |
| 2.22e+06 – 2.467e+06 | 4 |
| 2.467e+06 – 2.713e+06 | 3 |
| 2.713e+06 – 2.96e+06 | 0 |
| 2.96e+06 – 3.207e+06 | 2 |
| 3.207e+06 – 3.453e+06 | 0 |
| 3.453e+06 – 3.7e+06 | 0 |
| 3.7e+06 – 3.947e+06 | 0 |
| 3.947e+06 – 4.193e+06 | 0 |
| 4.193e+06 – 4.44e+06 | 1 |
| 4.44e+06 – 4.687e+06 | 0 |
| 4.687e+06 – 4.933e+06 | 1 |
| 4.933e+06 – 5.18e+06 | 0 |
| 5.18e+06 – 5.427e+06 | 1 |
| 5.427e+06 – 5.673e+06 | 0 |
| 5.673e+06 – 5.92e+06 | 0 |
| 5.92e+06 – 6.167e+06 | 0 |
| 6.167e+06 – 6.413e+06 | 0 |
| 6.413e+06 – 6.66e+06 | 0 |
| 6.66e+06 – 6.907e+06 | 0 |
| 6.907e+06 – 7.153e+06 | 0 |
| 7.153e+06 – 7.4e+06 | 0 |
| 7.4e+06 – 7.647e+06 | 0 |
| 7.647e+06 – 7.893e+06 | 0 |
| 7.893e+06 – 8.14e+06 | 0 |
| 8.14e+06 – 8.387e+06 | 0 |
| 8.387e+06 – 8.633e+06 | 0 |
| 8.633e+06 – 8.88e+06 | 0 |
| 8.88e+06 – 9.127e+06 | 0 |
| 9.127e+06 – 9.373e+06 | 0 |
| 9.373e+06 – 9.62e+06 | 0 |
| 9.62e+06 – 9.867e+06 | 1 |
A heavily right-skewed count of disability cases or claims, ranging from 0 to 69,705 with a median of just 298 but a mean of 1,043. Skew of 10.28 and kurtosis of 166.8 indicate an extreme long tail, with 404 outliers (12.5% of rows) and only 1.7% zeros. The std (2,906) dwarfs the IQR (689), so a small number of very large records dominate the distribution.
Treatment: Apply a log1p transform before modelling to tame the extreme skew and outliers.
saturn.columns["disability_total"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 1,393 |
| min | 0 |
| max | 69,705 |
| mean | 1043 |
| median | 298 |
| std | 2906 |
| q1 | 107 |
| q3 | 796.2 |
| iqr | 689.2 |
| skew | 10.28 |
| kurtosis | 166.8 |
| n_outliers | 404 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1254 |
| zero_rate | 0.01676 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+10.28 |
| alert: outliers | 12.5% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
disability_total. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 1743 | 2797 |
| 1743 – 3485 | 223 |
| 3485 – 5228 | 71 |
| 5228 – 6970 | 42 |
| 6970 – 8713 | 30 |
| 8713 – 1.046e+04 | 20 |
| 1.046e+04 – 1.22e+04 | 8 |
| 1.22e+04 – 1.394e+04 | 7 |
| 1.394e+04 – 1.568e+04 | 7 |
| 1.568e+04 – 1.743e+04 | 0 |
| 1.743e+04 – 1.917e+04 | 2 |
| 1.917e+04 – 2.091e+04 | 2 |
| 2.091e+04 – 2.265e+04 | 1 |
| 2.265e+04 – 2.44e+04 | 4 |
| 2.44e+04 – 2.614e+04 | 2 |
| 2.614e+04 – 2.788e+04 | 0 |
| 2.788e+04 – 2.962e+04 | 1 |
| 2.962e+04 – 3.137e+04 | 1 |
| 3.137e+04 – 3.311e+04 | 0 |
| 3.311e+04 – 3.485e+04 | 0 |
| 3.485e+04 – 3.66e+04 | 0 |
| 3.66e+04 – 3.834e+04 | 1 |
| 3.834e+04 – 4.008e+04 | 0 |
| 4.008e+04 – 4.182e+04 | 0 |
| 4.182e+04 – 4.357e+04 | 0 |
| 4.357e+04 – 4.531e+04 | 1 |
| 4.531e+04 – 4.705e+04 | 0 |
| 4.705e+04 – 4.879e+04 | 0 |
| 4.879e+04 – 5.054e+04 | 0 |
| 5.054e+04 – 5.228e+04 | 0 |
| 5.228e+04 – 5.402e+04 | 1 |
| 5.402e+04 – 5.576e+04 | 0 |
| 5.576e+04 – 5.751e+04 | 0 |
| 5.751e+04 – 5.925e+04 | 0 |
| 5.925e+04 – 6.099e+04 | 0 |
| 6.099e+04 – 6.273e+04 | 0 |
| 6.273e+04 – 6.448e+04 | 0 |
| 6.448e+04 – 6.622e+04 | 0 |
| 6.622e+04 – 6.796e+04 | 0 |
| 6.796e+04 – 6.97e+04 | 1 |
Numeric disability_rate spanning 0.0 to 9.17 with a median of 1.07 and IQR 0.77-1.42, almost certainly a per-row rate or percentage. The distribution is heavily right-skewed (skew 2.17, kurtosis 15.24) with 117 outliers (3.6%) stretching well beyond the typical range, and 1.7% of rows sit at exactly zero. No nulls across 3,222 rows, and only 305 distinct values suggest rounding to two decimals.
Treatment: Apply a log or winsorising transform before modelling to tame the right tail.
saturn.columns["disability_rate"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 305 |
| min | 0 |
| max | 9.17 |
| mean | 1.145 |
| median | 1.07 |
| std | 0.6215 |
| q1 | 0.77 |
| q3 | 1.42 |
| iqr | 0.65 |
| skew | 2.167 |
| kurtosis | 15.24 |
| n_outliers | 117 |
| outlier_rate | 0.03631 |
| zero_rate | 0.01676 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+2.17 |
disability_rate. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 0.2293 | 114 |
| 0.2293 – 0.4585 | 143 |
| 0.4585 – 0.6878 | 352 |
| 0.6878 – 0.917 | 590 |
| 0.917 – 1.146 | 634 |
| 1.146 – 1.376 | 496 |
| 1.376 – 1.605 | 362 |
| 1.605 – 1.834 | 200 |
| 1.834 – 2.063 | 118 |
| 2.063 – 2.292 | 77 |
| 2.292 – 2.522 | 45 |
| 2.522 – 2.751 | 31 |
| 2.751 – 2.98 | 22 |
| 2.98 – 3.21 | 10 |
| 3.21 – 3.439 | 7 |
| 3.439 – 3.668 | 4 |
| 3.668 – 3.897 | 3 |
| 3.897 – 4.127 | 3 |
| 4.127 – 4.356 | 3 |
| 4.356 – 4.585 | 2 |
| 4.585 – 4.814 | 0 |
| 4.814 – 5.043 | 2 |
| 5.043 – 5.273 | 2 |
| 5.273 – 5.502 | 0 |
| 5.502 – 5.731 | 0 |
| 5.731 – 5.961 | 0 |
| 5.961 – 6.19 | 0 |
| 6.19 – 6.419 | 0 |
| 6.419 – 6.648 | 0 |
| 6.648 – 6.878 | 0 |
| 6.878 – 7.107 | 0 |
| 7.107 – 7.336 | 0 |
| 7.336 – 7.565 | 1 |
| 7.565 – 7.795 | 0 |
| 7.795 – 8.024 | 0 |
| 8.024 – 8.253 | 0 |
| 8.253 – 8.482 | 0 |
| 8.482 – 8.712 | 0 |
| 8.712 – 8.941 | 0 |
| 8.941 – 9.17 | 1 |
Counts of people recorded as having no disability per geographic or administrative unit, ranging from 0 to 2,091,332 with a median of 5,607. The distribution is extremely right-skewed (skew 12.67, kurtosis 259.77) and the mean of 22,872 sits well above Q3 of 14,739, with 442 outliers (13.7%) flagging a long tail of very large units. Only one zero is present and there are no nulls, so the heavy tail—not missingness—is the dominant feature.
Treatment: Log-transform (log1p) before modelling to tame the skew and outliers.
saturn.columns["no_disability"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 2,955 |
| min | 0 |
| max | 2.091e+06 |
| mean | 2.287e+04 |
| median | 5,607 |
| std | 7.329e+04 |
| q1 | 2384 |
| q3 | 1.474e+04 |
| iqr | 12,355 |
| skew | 12.67 |
| kurtosis | 259.8 |
| n_outliers | 442 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1372 |
| zero_rate | 0.0003104 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+12.67 |
| alert: outliers | 13.7% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
no_disability. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 5.228e+04 | 2925 |
| 5.228e+04 – 1.046e+05 | 145 |
| 1.046e+05 – 1.568e+05 | 64 |
| 1.568e+05 – 2.091e+05 | 26 |
| 2.091e+05 – 2.614e+05 | 24 |
| 2.614e+05 – 3.137e+05 | 12 |
| 3.137e+05 – 3.66e+05 | 7 |
| 3.66e+05 – 4.183e+05 | 2 |
| 4.183e+05 – 4.705e+05 | 3 |
| 4.705e+05 – 5.228e+05 | 2 |
| 5.228e+05 – 5.751e+05 | 3 |
| 5.751e+05 – 6.274e+05 | 2 |
| 6.274e+05 – 6.797e+05 | 2 |
| 6.797e+05 – 7.32e+05 | 1 |
| 7.32e+05 – 7.842e+05 | 0 |
| 7.842e+05 – 8.365e+05 | 0 |
| 8.365e+05 – 8.888e+05 | 0 |
| 8.888e+05 – 9.411e+05 | 0 |
| 9.411e+05 – 9.934e+05 | 0 |
| 9.934e+05 – 1.046e+06 | 1 |
| 1.046e+06 – 1.098e+06 | 0 |
| 1.098e+06 – 1.15e+06 | 1 |
| 1.15e+06 – 1.203e+06 | 0 |
| 1.203e+06 – 1.255e+06 | 1 |
| 1.255e+06 – 1.307e+06 | 0 |
| 1.307e+06 – 1.359e+06 | 0 |
| 1.359e+06 – 1.412e+06 | 0 |
| 1.412e+06 – 1.464e+06 | 0 |
| 1.464e+06 – 1.516e+06 | 0 |
| 1.516e+06 – 1.568e+06 | 0 |
| 1.568e+06 – 1.621e+06 | 0 |
| 1.621e+06 – 1.673e+06 | 0 |
| 1.673e+06 – 1.725e+06 | 0 |
| 1.725e+06 – 1.778e+06 | 0 |
| 1.778e+06 – 1.83e+06 | 0 |
| 1.83e+06 – 1.882e+06 | 0 |
| 1.882e+06 – 1.934e+06 | 0 |
| 1.934e+06 – 1.987e+06 | 0 |
| 1.987e+06 – 2.039e+06 | 0 |
| 2.039e+06 – 2.091e+06 | 1 |
This column appears to be a count of people with one disability per geographic or administrative unit, ranging from 0 to 44,466 with a median of 217.5. The distribution is severely right-skewed (skew 9.45, kurtosis 139.4), with the mean (755.7) more than triple the median and 408 outliers (12.7% of rows) — consistent with a few very large units dominating a long tail of small ones. About 2.8% of rows are zero and there are no nulls.
Treatment: Apply a log1p transform before modelling to tame the heavy right tail.
saturn.columns["one_disability"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 1,212 |
| min | 0 |
| max | 44,466 |
| mean | 755.7 |
| median | 217.5 |
| std | 2032 |
| q1 | 76.25 |
| q3 | 586.8 |
| iqr | 510.5 |
| skew | 9.449 |
| kurtosis | 139.4 |
| n_outliers | 408 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1266 |
| zero_rate | 0.02793 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+9.45 |
| alert: outliers | 12.7% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
one_disability. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 1112 | 2744 |
| 1112 – 2223 | 235 |
| 2223 – 3335 | 86 |
| 3335 – 4447 | 48 |
| 4447 – 5558 | 34 |
| 5558 – 6670 | 20 |
| 6670 – 7782 | 17 |
| 7782 – 8893 | 8 |
| 8893 – 1e+04 | 6 |
| 1e+04 – 1.112e+04 | 5 |
| 1.112e+04 – 1.223e+04 | 2 |
| 1.223e+04 – 1.334e+04 | 0 |
| 1.334e+04 – 1.445e+04 | 3 |
| 1.445e+04 – 1.556e+04 | 4 |
| 1.556e+04 – 1.667e+04 | 3 |
| 1.667e+04 – 1.779e+04 | 0 |
| 1.779e+04 – 1.89e+04 | 1 |
| 1.89e+04 – 2.001e+04 | 0 |
| 2.001e+04 – 2.112e+04 | 1 |
| 2.112e+04 – 2.223e+04 | 1 |
| 2.223e+04 – 2.334e+04 | 0 |
| 2.334e+04 – 2.446e+04 | 0 |
| 2.446e+04 – 2.557e+04 | 0 |
| 2.557e+04 – 2.668e+04 | 1 |
| 2.668e+04 – 2.779e+04 | 0 |
| 2.779e+04 – 2.89e+04 | 0 |
| 2.89e+04 – 3.001e+04 | 0 |
| 3.001e+04 – 3.113e+04 | 1 |
| 3.113e+04 – 3.224e+04 | 0 |
| 3.224e+04 – 3.335e+04 | 0 |
| 3.335e+04 – 3.446e+04 | 0 |
| 3.446e+04 – 3.557e+04 | 0 |
| 3.557e+04 – 3.668e+04 | 0 |
| 3.668e+04 – 3.78e+04 | 1 |
| 3.78e+04 – 3.891e+04 | 0 |
| 3.891e+04 – 4.002e+04 | 0 |
| 4.002e+04 – 4.113e+04 | 0 |
| 4.113e+04 – 4.224e+04 | 0 |
| 4.224e+04 – 4.335e+04 | 0 |
| 4.335e+04 – 4.447e+04 | 1 |
This column appears to be a count of people (likely per geographic unit) reporting two or more disabilities, ranging from 0 to 25,239 with a median of just 76. The distribution is extremely right-skewed (skew 12.57, kurtosis 253.95), with 11.67% of rows flagged as outliers and ~9% exact zeros, suggesting a few very large jurisdictions dominate while most are small. The mean (287.7) sits well above Q3 (222), confirming the long tail.
Treatment: Apply a log1p transform before modelling to tame the heavy right tail.
saturn.columns["two_plus_disabilities"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 786 |
| min | 0 |
| max | 25,239 |
| mean | 287.7 |
| median | 76 |
| std | 890.1 |
| q1 | 21 |
| q3 | 222 |
| iqr | 201 |
| skew | 12.57 |
| kurtosis | 253.9 |
| n_outliers | 376 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1167 |
| zero_rate | 0.0897 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+12.57 |
| alert: outliers | 11.7% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
two_plus_disabilities. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 631 | 2904 |
| 631 – 1262 | 166 |
| 1262 – 1893 | 61 |
| 1893 – 2524 | 37 |
| 2524 – 3155 | 19 |
| 3155 – 3786 | 7 |
| 3786 – 4417 | 10 |
| 4417 – 5048 | 3 |
| 5048 – 5679 | 1 |
| 5679 – 6310 | 0 |
| 6310 – 6941 | 2 |
| 6941 – 7572 | 3 |
| 7572 – 8203 | 1 |
| 8203 – 8834 | 2 |
| 8834 – 9465 | 2 |
| 9465 – 1.01e+04 | 0 |
| 1.01e+04 – 1.073e+04 | 0 |
| 1.073e+04 – 1.136e+04 | 1 |
| 1.136e+04 – 1.199e+04 | 0 |
| 1.199e+04 – 1.262e+04 | 0 |
| 1.262e+04 – 1.325e+04 | 0 |
| 1.325e+04 – 1.388e+04 | 0 |
| 1.388e+04 – 1.451e+04 | 1 |
| 1.451e+04 – 1.514e+04 | 1 |
| 1.514e+04 – 1.577e+04 | 0 |
| 1.577e+04 – 1.641e+04 | 0 |
| 1.641e+04 – 1.704e+04 | 0 |
| 1.704e+04 – 1.767e+04 | 0 |
| 1.767e+04 – 1.83e+04 | 0 |
| 1.83e+04 – 1.893e+04 | 0 |
| 1.893e+04 – 1.956e+04 | 0 |
| 1.956e+04 – 2.019e+04 | 0 |
| 2.019e+04 – 2.082e+04 | 0 |
| 2.082e+04 – 2.145e+04 | 0 |
| 2.145e+04 – 2.208e+04 | 0 |
| 2.208e+04 – 2.272e+04 | 0 |
| 2.272e+04 – 2.335e+04 | 0 |
| 2.335e+04 – 2.398e+04 | 0 |
| 2.398e+04 – 2.461e+04 | 0 |
| 2.461e+04 – 2.524e+04 | 1 |
This appears to be a count or population-style measure related to hearing disability, with all 3222 rows populated and 2314 distinct values ranging from 1 to 296898. The distribution is extremely right-skewed (skew 11.54, kurtosis 226.6) with a median of 1326 well below the mean of 4003, and 391 outliers (12.1%) inflate the tail. The min of 1 and absence of zeros suggest these are aggregated counts rather than individual indicators.
Treatment: log-transform before regression to tame the heavy right tail.
saturn.columns["hearing_disability"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 2,314 |
| min | 1 |
| max | 296,898 |
| mean | 4003 |
| median | 1,326 |
| std | 1.068e+04 |
| q1 | 579.2 |
| q3 | 3,193 |
| iqr | 2614 |
| skew | 11.54 |
| kurtosis | 226.6 |
| n_outliers | 391 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1214 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+11.54 |
| alert: outliers | 12.1% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
hearing_disability. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 1 – 7423 | 2853 |
| 7423 – 1.485e+04 | 185 |
| 1.485e+04 – 2.227e+04 | 78 |
| 2.227e+04 – 2.969e+04 | 43 |
| 2.969e+04 – 3.711e+04 | 23 |
| 3.711e+04 – 4.454e+04 | 6 |
| 4.454e+04 – 5.196e+04 | 9 |
| 5.196e+04 – 5.938e+04 | 6 |
| 5.938e+04 – 6.68e+04 | 4 |
| 6.68e+04 – 7.423e+04 | 4 |
| 7.423e+04 – 8.165e+04 | 2 |
| 8.165e+04 – 8.907e+04 | 2 |
| 8.907e+04 – 9.649e+04 | 1 |
| 9.649e+04 – 1.039e+05 | 0 |
| 1.039e+05 – 1.113e+05 | 2 |
| 1.113e+05 – 1.188e+05 | 0 |
| 1.188e+05 – 1.262e+05 | 0 |
| 1.262e+05 – 1.336e+05 | 1 |
| 1.336e+05 – 1.41e+05 | 0 |
| 1.41e+05 – 1.484e+05 | 0 |
| 1.484e+05 – 1.559e+05 | 0 |
| 1.559e+05 – 1.633e+05 | 1 |
| 1.633e+05 – 1.707e+05 | 0 |
| 1.707e+05 – 1.781e+05 | 1 |
| 1.781e+05 – 1.856e+05 | 0 |
| 1.856e+05 – 1.93e+05 | 0 |
| 1.93e+05 – 2.004e+05 | 0 |
| 2.004e+05 – 2.078e+05 | 0 |
| 2.078e+05 – 2.153e+05 | 0 |
| 2.153e+05 – 2.227e+05 | 0 |
| 2.227e+05 – 2.301e+05 | 0 |
| 2.301e+05 – 2.375e+05 | 0 |
| 2.375e+05 – 2.449e+05 | 0 |
| 2.449e+05 – 2.524e+05 | 0 |
| 2.524e+05 – 2.598e+05 | 0 |
| 2.598e+05 – 2.672e+05 | 0 |
| 2.672e+05 – 2.746e+05 | 0 |
| 2.746e+05 – 2.821e+05 | 0 |
| 2.821e+05 – 2.895e+05 | 0 |
| 2.895e+05 – 2.969e+05 | 1 |
Numeric counts of people with a vision disability per geographic or demographic unit, ranging from 0 to 346,901 with a median of 1,361. The distribution is extremely right-skewed (skew 12.29, kurtosis 254.79) and the mean of 4,246 sits well above Q3 of 3,291, with 380 outliers (11.8%) inflating the upper tail. Near-zero zero_rate (0.03%) and no nulls suggest clean population-style aggregates rather than survey responses.
Treatment: Log-transform before regression to tame the heavy right tail.
saturn.columns["vision_disability"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 2,349 |
| min | 0 |
| max | 346,901 |
| mean | 4246 |
| median | 1,361 |
| std | 1.205e+04 |
| q1 | 567 |
| q3 | 3,291 |
| iqr | 2,724 |
| skew | 12.29 |
| kurtosis | 254.8 |
| n_outliers | 380 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1179 |
| zero_rate | 0.0003104 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+12.29 |
| alert: outliers | 11.8% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
vision_disability. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 8673 | 2892 |
| 8673 – 1.735e+04 | 162 |
| 1.735e+04 – 2.602e+04 | 74 |
| 2.602e+04 – 3.469e+04 | 38 |
| 3.469e+04 – 4.336e+04 | 19 |
| 4.336e+04 – 5.204e+04 | 5 |
| 5.204e+04 – 6.071e+04 | 9 |
| 6.071e+04 – 6.938e+04 | 5 |
| 6.938e+04 – 7.805e+04 | 4 |
| 7.805e+04 – 8.673e+04 | 3 |
| 8.673e+04 – 9.54e+04 | 3 |
| 9.54e+04 – 1.041e+05 | 2 |
| 1.041e+05 – 1.127e+05 | 2 |
| 1.127e+05 – 1.214e+05 | 0 |
| 1.214e+05 – 1.301e+05 | 0 |
| 1.301e+05 – 1.388e+05 | 0 |
| 1.388e+05 – 1.474e+05 | 0 |
| 1.474e+05 – 1.561e+05 | 1 |
| 1.561e+05 – 1.648e+05 | 0 |
| 1.648e+05 – 1.735e+05 | 0 |
| 1.735e+05 – 1.821e+05 | 0 |
| 1.821e+05 – 1.908e+05 | 2 |
| 1.908e+05 – 1.995e+05 | 0 |
| 1.995e+05 – 2.081e+05 | 0 |
| 2.081e+05 – 2.168e+05 | 0 |
| 2.168e+05 – 2.255e+05 | 0 |
| 2.255e+05 – 2.342e+05 | 0 |
| 2.342e+05 – 2.428e+05 | 0 |
| 2.428e+05 – 2.515e+05 | 0 |
| 2.515e+05 – 2.602e+05 | 0 |
| 2.602e+05 – 2.688e+05 | 0 |
| 2.688e+05 – 2.775e+05 | 0 |
| 2.775e+05 – 2.862e+05 | 0 |
| 2.862e+05 – 2.949e+05 | 0 |
| 2.949e+05 – 3.035e+05 | 0 |
| 3.035e+05 – 3.122e+05 | 0 |
| 3.122e+05 – 3.209e+05 | 0 |
| 3.209e+05 – 3.296e+05 | 0 |
| 3.296e+05 – 3.382e+05 | 0 |
| 3.382e+05 – 3.469e+05 | 1 |
Likely a count of people with a cognitive disability per geographic or administrative unit, ranging from 0 to 413,990 with a median of 1,623. The distribution is severely right-skewed (skew 12.09, kurtosis 254.7) with 375 outliers (11.6% of rows) and a mean (5,142) more than triple the median, indicating a few very large units dominate. Near-zero null and zero rates suggest the count is reliably populated.
Treatment: Apply a log or log1p transform before modelling to tame the heavy right tail.
saturn.columns["cognitive_disability"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 2,473 |
| min | 0 |
| max | 413,990 |
| mean | 5142 |
| median | 1,623 |
| std | 1.421e+04 |
| q1 | 634 |
| q3 | 4173 |
| iqr | 3539 |
| skew | 12.09 |
| kurtosis | 254.7 |
| n_outliers | 375 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1164 |
| zero_rate | 0.0003104 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+12.09 |
| alert: outliers | 11.6% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
cognitive_disability. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 1.035e+04 | 2877 |
| 1.035e+04 – 2.07e+04 | 179 |
| 2.07e+04 – 3.105e+04 | 69 |
| 3.105e+04 – 4.14e+04 | 39 |
| 4.14e+04 – 5.175e+04 | 17 |
| 5.175e+04 – 6.21e+04 | 10 |
| 6.21e+04 – 7.245e+04 | 9 |
| 7.245e+04 – 8.28e+04 | 5 |
| 8.28e+04 – 9.315e+04 | 0 |
| 9.315e+04 – 1.035e+05 | 6 |
| 1.035e+05 – 1.138e+05 | 3 |
| 1.138e+05 – 1.242e+05 | 3 |
| 1.242e+05 – 1.345e+05 | 1 |
| 1.345e+05 – 1.449e+05 | 0 |
| 1.449e+05 – 1.552e+05 | 0 |
| 1.552e+05 – 1.656e+05 | 0 |
| 1.656e+05 – 1.759e+05 | 0 |
| 1.759e+05 – 1.863e+05 | 0 |
| 1.863e+05 – 1.966e+05 | 2 |
| 1.966e+05 – 2.07e+05 | 1 |
| 2.07e+05 – 2.173e+05 | 0 |
| 2.173e+05 – 2.277e+05 | 0 |
| 2.277e+05 – 2.38e+05 | 0 |
| 2.38e+05 – 2.484e+05 | 0 |
| 2.484e+05 – 2.587e+05 | 0 |
| 2.587e+05 – 2.691e+05 | 0 |
| 2.691e+05 – 2.794e+05 | 0 |
| 2.794e+05 – 2.898e+05 | 0 |
| 2.898e+05 – 3.001e+05 | 0 |
| 3.001e+05 – 3.105e+05 | 0 |
| 3.105e+05 – 3.208e+05 | 0 |
| 3.208e+05 – 3.312e+05 | 0 |
| 3.312e+05 – 3.415e+05 | 0 |
| 3.415e+05 – 3.519e+05 | 0 |
| 3.519e+05 – 3.622e+05 | 0 |
| 3.622e+05 – 3.726e+05 | 0 |
| 3.726e+05 – 3.829e+05 | 0 |
| 3.829e+05 – 3.933e+05 | 0 |
| 3.933e+05 – 4.036e+05 | 0 |
| 4.036e+05 – 4.14e+05 | 1 |
Counts of people with ambulatory disability per geographic unit, ranging from 3 to 548,175 with a median of 2,197. The distribution is severely right-skewed (skew 13.0, kurtosis 288.7) and 11.4% of rows are flagged as outliers, indicating a long tail of very large jurisdictions dominating the mean (6,497) versus the median.
Treatment: Log-transform before modelling to tame the heavy right tail.
saturn.columns["ambulatory_disability"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 2,614 |
| min | 3 |
| max | 548,175 |
| mean | 6497 |
| median | 2,197 |
| std | 1.822e+04 |
| q1 | 917.2 |
| q3 | 5261 |
| iqr | 4,344 |
| skew | 13.01 |
| kurtosis | 288.7 |
| n_outliers | 366 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1136 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+13.01 |
| alert: outliers | 11.4% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
ambulatory_disability. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 3 – 1.371e+04 | 2903 |
| 1.371e+04 – 2.741e+04 | 167 |
| 2.741e+04 – 4.112e+04 | 64 |
| 4.112e+04 – 5.482e+04 | 40 |
| 5.482e+04 – 6.852e+04 | 14 |
| 6.852e+04 – 8.223e+04 | 8 |
| 8.223e+04 – 9.593e+04 | 5 |
| 9.593e+04 – 1.096e+05 | 3 |
| 1.096e+05 – 1.233e+05 | 3 |
| 1.233e+05 – 1.37e+05 | 2 |
| 1.37e+05 – 1.508e+05 | 7 |
| 1.508e+05 – 1.645e+05 | 1 |
| 1.645e+05 – 1.782e+05 | 1 |
| 1.782e+05 – 1.919e+05 | 0 |
| 1.919e+05 – 2.056e+05 | 0 |
| 2.056e+05 – 2.193e+05 | 0 |
| 2.193e+05 – 2.33e+05 | 1 |
| 2.33e+05 – 2.467e+05 | 1 |
| 2.467e+05 – 2.604e+05 | 0 |
| 2.604e+05 – 2.741e+05 | 0 |
| 2.741e+05 – 2.878e+05 | 0 |
| 2.878e+05 – 3.015e+05 | 1 |
| 3.015e+05 – 3.152e+05 | 0 |
| 3.152e+05 – 3.289e+05 | 0 |
| 3.289e+05 – 3.426e+05 | 0 |
| 3.426e+05 – 3.563e+05 | 0 |
| 3.563e+05 – 3.7e+05 | 0 |
| 3.7e+05 – 3.837e+05 | 0 |
| 3.837e+05 – 3.974e+05 | 0 |
| 3.974e+05 – 4.111e+05 | 0 |
| 4.111e+05 – 4.248e+05 | 0 |
| 4.248e+05 – 4.385e+05 | 0 |
| 4.385e+05 – 4.522e+05 | 0 |
| 4.522e+05 – 4.659e+05 | 0 |
| 4.659e+05 – 4.797e+05 | 0 |
| 4.797e+05 – 4.934e+05 | 0 |
| 4.934e+05 – 5.071e+05 | 0 |
| 5.071e+05 – 5.208e+05 | 0 |
| 5.208e+05 – 5.345e+05 | 0 |
| 5.345e+05 – 5.482e+05 | 1 |
Numeric counts of people with a self-care disability, likely aggregated per geographic or demographic unit given the 3222 rows and 1961 unique values. The distribution is severely right-skewed (skew 16.8, kurtosis 478.7) with a median of 772.5 but a max of 281,611, and 355 outliers (11.0% of rows) sit far above the Q3 of 1948.5. Near-zero null and zero rates suggest the field is consistently populated.
Treatment: Log-transform before modelling and consider winsorising the long upper tail.
saturn.columns["self_care_disability"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 1,961 |
| min | 0 |
| max | 281,611 |
| mean | 2504 |
| median | 772.5 |
| std | 8061 |
| q1 | 307 |
| q3 | 1948 |
| iqr | 1642 |
| skew | 16.82 |
| kurtosis | 478.7 |
| n_outliers | 355 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1102 |
| zero_rate | 0.001241 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+16.82 |
| alert: outliers | 11.0% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
self_care_disability. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 7040 | 2987 |
| 7040 – 1.408e+04 | 132 |
| 1.408e+04 – 2.112e+04 | 47 |
| 2.112e+04 – 2.816e+04 | 22 |
| 2.816e+04 – 3.52e+04 | 10 |
| 3.52e+04 – 4.224e+04 | 4 |
| 4.224e+04 – 4.928e+04 | 3 |
| 4.928e+04 – 5.632e+04 | 5 |
| 5.632e+04 – 6.336e+04 | 4 |
| 6.336e+04 – 7.04e+04 | 2 |
| 7.04e+04 – 7.744e+04 | 2 |
| 7.744e+04 – 8.448e+04 | 0 |
| 8.448e+04 – 9.152e+04 | 1 |
| 9.152e+04 – 9.856e+04 | 1 |
| 9.856e+04 – 1.056e+05 | 0 |
| 1.056e+05 – 1.126e+05 | 0 |
| 1.126e+05 – 1.197e+05 | 1 |
| 1.197e+05 – 1.267e+05 | 0 |
| 1.267e+05 – 1.338e+05 | 0 |
| 1.338e+05 – 1.408e+05 | 0 |
| 1.408e+05 – 1.478e+05 | 0 |
| 1.478e+05 – 1.549e+05 | 0 |
| 1.549e+05 – 1.619e+05 | 0 |
| 1.619e+05 – 1.69e+05 | 0 |
| 1.69e+05 – 1.76e+05 | 0 |
| 1.76e+05 – 1.83e+05 | 0 |
| 1.83e+05 – 1.901e+05 | 0 |
| 1.901e+05 – 1.971e+05 | 0 |
| 1.971e+05 – 2.042e+05 | 0 |
| 2.042e+05 – 2.112e+05 | 0 |
| 2.112e+05 – 2.182e+05 | 0 |
| 2.182e+05 – 2.253e+05 | 0 |
| 2.253e+05 – 2.323e+05 | 0 |
| 2.323e+05 – 2.394e+05 | 0 |
| 2.394e+05 – 2.464e+05 | 0 |
| 2.464e+05 – 2.534e+05 | 0 |
| 2.534e+05 – 2.605e+05 | 0 |
| 2.605e+05 – 2.675e+05 | 0 |
| 2.675e+05 – 2.746e+05 | 0 |
| 2.746e+05 – 2.816e+05 | 1 |
Counts of people with an independent-living disability per geographic unit, ranging from 2 to 1,417,825 with a median of 3,135. The distribution is severely right-skewed (skew 14.09, kurtosis 329.97) and 13.8% of rows (445) flag as outliers, suggesting the column mixes small areas with very large aggregates. No nulls or zeros are present.
Treatment: Log-transform before modelling and consider normalising by area population to control the heavy skew.
saturn.columns["independent_living_disability"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 2,773 |
| min | 2 |
| max | 1.418e+06 |
| mean | 1.363e+04 |
| median | 3,135 |
| std | 4.56e+04 |
| q1 | 1242 |
| q3 | 8586 |
| iqr | 7344 |
| skew | 14.09 |
| kurtosis | 330 |
| n_outliers | 445 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1381 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+14.09 |
| alert: outliers | 13.8% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
independent_living_disability. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 2 – 3.545e+04 | 2956 |
| 3.545e+04 – 7.089e+04 | 144 |
| 7.089e+04 – 1.063e+05 | 40 |
| 1.063e+05 – 1.418e+05 | 38 |
| 1.418e+05 – 1.772e+05 | 14 |
| 1.772e+05 – 2.127e+05 | 4 |
| 2.127e+05 – 2.481e+05 | 6 |
| 2.481e+05 – 2.836e+05 | 3 |
| 2.836e+05 – 3.19e+05 | 7 |
| 3.19e+05 – 3.545e+05 | 2 |
| 3.545e+05 – 3.899e+05 | 1 |
| 3.899e+05 – 4.253e+05 | 2 |
| 4.253e+05 – 4.608e+05 | 1 |
| 4.608e+05 – 4.962e+05 | 0 |
| 4.962e+05 – 5.317e+05 | 0 |
| 5.317e+05 – 5.671e+05 | 0 |
| 5.671e+05 – 6.026e+05 | 1 |
| 6.026e+05 – 6.38e+05 | 0 |
| 6.38e+05 – 6.735e+05 | 1 |
| 6.735e+05 – 7.089e+05 | 0 |
| 7.089e+05 – 7.444e+05 | 1 |
| 7.444e+05 – 7.798e+05 | 0 |
| 7.798e+05 – 8.153e+05 | 0 |
| 8.153e+05 – 8.507e+05 | 0 |
| 8.507e+05 – 8.861e+05 | 0 |
| 8.861e+05 – 9.216e+05 | 0 |
| 9.216e+05 – 9.57e+05 | 0 |
| 9.57e+05 – 9.925e+05 | 0 |
| 9.925e+05 – 1.028e+06 | 0 |
| 1.028e+06 – 1.063e+06 | 0 |
| 1.063e+06 – 1.099e+06 | 0 |
| 1.099e+06 – 1.134e+06 | 0 |
| 1.134e+06 – 1.17e+06 | 0 |
| 1.17e+06 – 1.205e+06 | 0 |
| 1.205e+06 – 1.241e+06 | 0 |
| 1.241e+06 – 1.276e+06 | 0 |
| 1.276e+06 – 1.311e+06 | 0 |
| 1.311e+06 – 1.347e+06 | 0 |
| 1.347e+06 – 1.382e+06 | 0 |
| 1.382e+06 – 1.418e+06 | 1 |
click to copy
@misc{saturn-disability-census-disability-by-county-2022-2026,
author = {Steuber, Luke},
title = {Saturn reading: disability census disability by county 2022},
year ={2026},
howpublished = {\url{https://dr.eamer.dev/saturn/view/disability-census_disability_by_county_2022}},
note = {Profiled with saturn-dissect v0.2.0, prompt saturn-insight-v2, model anthropic:claude-opus-4-7},
}
Steuber, L. (2026). Saturn reading: disability census disability by county 2022. Source: /home/coolhand/datasets/us-inequality-atlas/disability/census_disability_by_county_2022.csv. Profiled with saturn-dissect v0.2.0 (saturn-insight-v2, anthropic:claude-opus-4-7). Retrieved from https://dr.eamer.dev/saturn/view/disability-census_disability_by_county_2022