Source: /home/coolhand/datasets/us-inequality-atlas/housing/housing_crisis_merged.csv
Saturn profiled 3,222 rows across 16 columns. The stats below are deterministic and machine-readable; the prose is a language-model interpretation of those stats (opt-in, added after the fact, never sees raw rows).
!pip install saturn-dissect
import subprocess
subprocess.run([
"saturn", "analyze", "/home/coolhand/datasets/us-inequality-atlas/housing/housing_crisis_merged.csv",
"--findings", "housing-housing_crisis_merged.json",
"--llm", "anthropic:claude-opus-4-7",
])This dataset covers 3,222 U.S. counties (one row per county, identified by FIPS code) with 16 columns spanning housing stock, rent burden, income, and affordability metrics. The headline finding is that the affordability_category field is overwhelmingly imbalanced — 'Affordable' covers 3,192 of 3,222 counties (top_rate 0.99), with only 29 'Moderately Burdened' and 1 'Extremely Burdened', so this label likely needs reworking before it's useful. The rent-burden percentages tell a richer story: pct_rent_burdened_30plus has a mean of 36.4% and pct_rent_burdened_50plus a mean of 17.4%, suggesting real stress that the categorical label hides. Housing-count columns (owner_occupied, renter_occupied, total_housing_units) are extremely right-skewed (skew 9.5–15.8) with hundreds of outliers, reflecting a few very large urban counties — log scales recommended. Also note rent_to_income_ratio has an extreme max of 1200 with skew ~54, hinting at data-quality issues worth checking.
citing: row_count · column_count · affordability_category.top_rate · affordability_category.top_values · pct_rent_burdened_30plus.mean · pct_rent_burdened_50plus.mean · owner_occupied.skew · renter_occupied.skew · total_housing_units.skew · rent_to_income_ratio.max · rent_to_income_ratio.skew · median_household_income.mean
saturn.schema() · 16 columns
| column | kind | n | null% | unique | alerts |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fips | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 3,222 | |
| county_name | text | 3,222 | 0.0% | 3,222 | near_unique |
| total_renters | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 2,709 | high_skew outliers |
| pct_rent_burdened_30plus | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 2,146 | |
| pct_rent_burdened_50plus | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 1,769 | |
| median_gross_rent | numeric | 3,222 | 0.3% | 983 | outliers |
| median_household_income | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 3,098 | outliers |
| total_housing_units | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 3,074 | high_skew outliers |
| owner_occupied | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 3,001 | high_skew outliers |
| renter_occupied | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 2,709 | high_skew outliers |
| pct_renter | numeric | 3,222 | 0.0% | 1,925 | |
| annual_rent | numeric | 3,222 | 0.3% | 983 | outliers |
| rent_to_income_ratio | numeric | 3,222 | 0.3% | 1,269 | high_skew |
| affordability_category | categorical | 3,222 | 0.0% | 3 | imbalance |
| hours_at_min_wage_for_rent | numeric | 3,222 | 0.3% | 229 | outliers |
| weeks_at_min_wage_for_rent | numeric | 3,222 | 0.3% | 71 | outliers |
| value | count | share |
|---|---|---|
| Affordable | 3192 | 99.1% |
| Moderately Burdened | 29 | 0.9% |
| Extremely Burdened | 1 | 0.0% |
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 1.624 | 9 |
| 1.624 – 3.248 | 5 |
| 3.248 – 4.872 | 3 |
| 4.872 – 6.496 | 5 |
| 6.496 – 8.12 | 9 |
| 8.12 – 9.744 | 13 |
| 9.744 – 11.37 | 11 |
| 11.37 – 12.99 | 16 |
| 12.99 – 14.62 | 26 |
| 14.62 – 16.24 | 19 |
| 16.24 – 17.86 | 35 |
| 17.86 – 19.49 | 43 |
| 19.49 – 21.11 | 52 |
| 21.11 – 22.74 | 52 |
| 22.74 – 24.36 | 73 |
| 24.36 – 25.98 | 99 |
| 25.98 – 27.61 | 109 |
| 27.61 – 29.23 | 116 |
| 29.23 – 30.86 | 132 |
| 30.86 – 32.48 | 159 |
| 32.48 – 34.1 | 189 |
| 34.1 – 35.73 | 209 |
| 35.73 – 37.35 | 227 |
| 37.35 – 38.98 | 239 |
| 38.98 – 40.6 | 205 |
| 40.6 – 42.22 | 209 |
| 42.22 – 43.85 | 210 |
| 43.85 – 45.47 | 190 |
| 45.47 – 47.1 | 131 |
| 47.1 – 48.72 | 114 |
| 48.72 – 50.34 | 118 |
| 50.34 – 51.97 | 69 |
| 51.97 – 53.59 | 51 |
| 53.59 – 55.22 | 34 |
| 55.22 – 56.84 | 24 |
| 56.84 – 58.46 | 6 |
| 58.46 – 60.09 | 3 |
| 60.09 – 61.71 | 2 |
| 61.71 – 63.34 | 3 |
| 63.34 – 64.96 | 3 |
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 1.624 | 42 |
| 1.624 – 3.248 | 27 |
| 3.248 – 4.872 | 34 |
| 4.872 – 6.496 | 63 |
| 6.496 – 8.12 | 102 |
| 8.12 – 9.744 | 148 |
| 9.744 – 11.37 | 163 |
| 11.37 – 12.99 | 214 |
| 12.99 – 14.62 | 242 |
| 14.62 – 16.24 | 310 |
| 16.24 – 17.86 | 315 |
| 17.86 – 19.49 | 332 |
| 19.49 – 21.11 | 335 |
| 21.11 – 22.74 | 264 |
| 22.74 – 24.36 | 219 |
| 24.36 – 25.98 | 150 |
| 25.98 – 27.61 | 99 |
| 27.61 – 29.23 | 64 |
| 29.23 – 30.86 | 39 |
| 30.86 – 32.48 | 20 |
| 32.48 – 34.1 | 21 |
| 34.1 – 35.73 | 9 |
| 35.73 – 37.35 | 2 |
| 37.35 – 38.98 | 3 |
| 38.98 – 40.6 | 1 |
| 40.6 – 42.22 | 1 |
| 42.22 – 43.85 | 1 |
| 43.85 – 45.47 | 0 |
| 45.47 – 47.1 | 1 |
| 47.1 – 48.72 | 0 |
| 48.72 – 50.34 | 0 |
| 50.34 – 51.97 | 0 |
| 51.97 – 53.59 | 0 |
| 53.59 – 55.22 | 0 |
| 55.22 – 56.84 | 0 |
| 56.84 – 58.46 | 0 |
| 58.46 – 60.09 | 0 |
| 60.09 – 61.71 | 0 |
| 61.71 – 63.34 | 0 |
| 63.34 – 64.96 | 1 |
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 1.452e+04 – 1.842e+04 | 14 |
| 1.842e+04 – 2.232e+04 | 30 |
| 2.232e+04 – 2.622e+04 | 26 |
| 2.622e+04 – 3.012e+04 | 10 |
| 3.012e+04 – 3.402e+04 | 28 |
| 3.402e+04 – 3.792e+04 | 52 |
| 3.792e+04 – 4.181e+04 | 102 |
| 4.181e+04 – 4.571e+04 | 154 |
| 4.571e+04 – 4.961e+04 | 237 |
| 4.961e+04 – 5.351e+04 | 286 |
| 5.351e+04 – 5.741e+04 | 352 |
| 5.741e+04 – 6.131e+04 | 400 |
| 6.131e+04 – 6.52e+04 | 342 |
| 6.52e+04 – 6.91e+04 | 294 |
| 6.91e+04 – 7.3e+04 | 231 |
| 7.3e+04 – 7.69e+04 | 150 |
| 7.69e+04 – 8.08e+04 | 136 |
| 8.08e+04 – 8.47e+04 | 99 |
| 8.47e+04 – 8.86e+04 | 52 |
| 8.86e+04 – 9.249e+04 | 43 |
| 9.249e+04 – 9.639e+04 | 44 |
| 9.639e+04 – 1.003e+05 | 26 |
| 1.003e+05 – 1.042e+05 | 23 |
| 1.042e+05 – 1.081e+05 | 23 |
| 1.081e+05 – 1.12e+05 | 11 |
| 1.12e+05 – 1.159e+05 | 9 |
| 1.159e+05 – 1.198e+05 | 12 |
| 1.198e+05 – 1.237e+05 | 10 |
| 1.237e+05 – 1.276e+05 | 5 |
| 1.276e+05 – 1.315e+05 | 4 |
| 1.315e+05 – 1.354e+05 | 3 |
| 1.354e+05 – 1.393e+05 | 6 |
| 1.393e+05 – 1.432e+05 | 2 |
| 1.432e+05 – 1.471e+05 | 1 |
| 1.471e+05 – 1.51e+05 | 1 |
| 1.51e+05 – 1.549e+05 | 1 |
| 1.549e+05 – 1.588e+05 | 0 |
| 1.588e+05 – 1.627e+05 | 0 |
| 1.627e+05 – 1.666e+05 | 1 |
| 1.666e+05 – 1.705e+05 | 1 |
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 3.01 – 5.435 | 1 |
| 5.435 – 7.859 | 3 |
| 7.859 – 10.28 | 9 |
| 10.28 – 12.71 | 26 |
| 12.71 – 15.13 | 63 |
| 15.13 – 17.56 | 156 |
| 17.56 – 19.98 | 316 |
| 19.98 – 22.41 | 371 |
| 22.41 – 24.83 | 450 |
| 24.83 – 27.26 | 419 |
| 27.26 – 29.68 | 357 |
| 29.68 – 32.11 | 301 |
| 32.11 – 34.53 | 203 |
| 34.53 – 36.96 | 169 |
| 36.96 – 39.38 | 115 |
| 39.38 – 41.81 | 75 |
| 41.81 – 44.23 | 56 |
| 44.23 – 46.66 | 45 |
| 46.66 – 49.08 | 25 |
| 49.08 – 51.5 | 15 |
| 51.5 – 53.93 | 11 |
| 53.93 – 56.35 | 10 |
| 56.35 – 58.78 | 8 |
| 58.78 – 61.2 | 4 |
| 61.2 – 63.63 | 4 |
| 63.63 – 66.05 | 1 |
| 66.05 – 68.48 | 1 |
| 68.48 – 70.9 | 3 |
| 70.9 – 73.33 | 1 |
| 73.33 – 75.75 | 1 |
| 75.75 – 78.18 | 0 |
| 78.18 – 80.6 | 1 |
| 80.6 – 83.03 | 0 |
| 83.03 – 85.45 | 1 |
| 85.45 – 87.88 | 0 |
| 87.88 – 90.3 | 0 |
| 90.3 – 92.73 | 0 |
| 92.73 – 95.15 | 0 |
| 95.15 – 97.58 | 0 |
| 97.58 – 100 | 1 |
| column | kind | null % |
|---|---|---|
| fips | numeric | 0.0% |
| county_name | text | 0.0% |
| total_renters | numeric | 0.0% |
| pct_rent_burdened_30plus | numeric | 0.0% |
| pct_rent_burdened_50plus | numeric | 0.0% |
| median_gross_rent | numeric | 0.3% |
| median_household_income | numeric | 0.0% |
| total_housing_units | numeric | 0.0% |
| owner_occupied | numeric | 0.0% |
| renter_occupied | numeric | 0.0% |
| pct_renter | numeric | 0.0% |
| annual_rent | numeric | 0.3% |
| rent_to_income_ratio | numeric | 0.3% |
| affordability_category | categorical | 0.0% |
| hours_at_min_wage_for_rent | numeric | 0.3% |
| weeks_at_min_wage_for_rent | numeric | 0.3% |
| fips | total_renters | pct_rent_burdened_30plus | pct_rent_burdened_50plus | median_gross_rent | median_household_income | total_housing_units | owner_occupied | renter_occupied | pct_renter | annual_rent | rent_to_income_ratio | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| fips | +1.00 | -0.06 | -0.16 | -0.10 | -0.12 | -0.11 | -0.06 | -0.06 | -0.06 | -0.10 | -0.12 | +0.05 |
| total_renters | -0.06 | +1.00 | +0.23 | +0.20 | +0.17 | +0.12 | +0.99 | +0.96 | +1.00 | +0.22 | +0.17 | +0.06 |
| pct_rent_burdened_30plus | -0.16 | +0.23 | +1.00 | +0.82 | +0.18 | +0.07 | +0.26 | +0.28 | +0.23 | +0.19 | +0.18 | +0.08 |
| pct_rent_burdened_50plus | -0.10 | +0.20 | +0.82 | +1.00 | +0.13 | +0.00 | +0.23 | +0.25 | +0.20 | +0.22 | +0.13 | +0.07 |
| median_gross_rent | -0.12 | +0.17 | +0.18 | +0.13 | +1.00 | +0.35 | +0.16 | +0.15 | +0.17 | +0.12 | +1.00 | +0.18 |
| median_household_income | -0.11 | +0.12 | +0.07 | +0.00 | +0.35 | +1.00 | +0.13 | +0.14 | +0.12 | +0.02 | +0.35 | -0.21 |
| total_housing_units | -0.06 | +0.99 | +0.26 | +0.23 | +0.16 | +0.13 | +1.00 | +0.99 | +0.99 | +0.19 | +0.16 | +0.05 |
| owner_occupied | -0.06 | +0.96 | +0.28 | +0.25 | +0.15 | +0.14 | +0.99 | +1.00 | +0.96 | +0.16 | +0.15 | +0.05 |
| renter_occupied | -0.06 | +1.00 | +0.23 | +0.20 | +0.17 | +0.12 | +0.99 | +0.96 | +1.00 | +0.22 | +0.17 | +0.06 |
| pct_renter | -0.10 | +0.22 | +0.19 | +0.22 | +0.12 | +0.02 | +0.19 | +0.16 | +0.22 | +1.00 | +0.12 | +0.09 |
| annual_rent | -0.12 | +0.17 | +0.18 | +0.13 | +1.00 | +0.35 | +0.16 | +0.15 | +0.17 | +0.12 | +1.00 | +0.18 |
| rent_to_income_ratio | +0.05 | +0.06 | +0.08 | +0.07 | +0.18 | -0.21 | +0.05 | +0.05 | +0.06 | +0.09 | +0.18 | +1.00 |
This is the US FIPS county code: every one of the 3222 rows is unique, there are no nulls, and the value range (1001 to 72153) matches the standard 2-digit state + 3-digit county encoding. Distribution stats like mean 31377.89 and skew 0.157 are not meaningful here since the integers are categorical identifiers, not quantities.
Treatment: Treat as a categorical key; left-join on this code to bring in county/state attributes rather than using it as a numeric feature.
saturn.columns["fips"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 3,222 |
| min | 1,001 |
| max | 72,153 |
| mean | 3.138e+04 |
| median | 30,022 |
| std | 1.63e+04 |
| q1 | 1.903e+04 |
| q3 | 4.61e+04 |
| iqr | 27,075 |
| skew | 0.1574 |
| kurtosis | -0.6314 |
| n_outliers | 0 |
| outlier_rate | 0 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
fips. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 1001 – 2780 | 97 |
| 2780 – 4559 | 15 |
| 4559 – 6337 | 133 |
| 6337 – 8116 | 59 |
| 8116 – 9895 | 14 |
| 9895 – 1.167e+04 | 4 |
| 1.167e+04 – 1.345e+04 | 226 |
| 1.345e+04 – 1.523e+04 | 5 |
| 1.523e+04 – 1.701e+04 | 49 |
| 1.701e+04 – 1.879e+04 | 189 |
| 1.879e+04 – 2.057e+04 | 204 |
| 2.057e+04 – 2.235e+04 | 184 |
| 2.235e+04 – 2.413e+04 | 39 |
| 2.413e+04 – 2.59e+04 | 15 |
| 2.59e+04 – 2.768e+04 | 170 |
| 2.768e+04 – 2.946e+04 | 196 |
| 2.946e+04 – 3.124e+04 | 150 |
| 3.124e+04 – 3.302e+04 | 27 |
| 3.302e+04 – 3.48e+04 | 21 |
| 3.48e+04 – 3.658e+04 | 95 |
| 3.658e+04 – 3.836e+04 | 153 |
| 3.836e+04 – 4.013e+04 | 155 |
| 4.013e+04 – 4.191e+04 | 46 |
| 4.191e+04 – 4.369e+04 | 67 |
| 4.369e+04 – 4.547e+04 | 51 |
| 4.547e+04 – 4.725e+04 | 161 |
| 4.725e+04 – 4.903e+04 | 268 |
| 4.903e+04 – 5.081e+04 | 29 |
| 5.081e+04 – 5.259e+04 | 133 |
| 5.259e+04 – 5.436e+04 | 94 |
| 5.436e+04 – 5.614e+04 | 95 |
| 5.614e+04 – 5.792e+04 | 0 |
| 5.792e+04 – 5.97e+04 | 0 |
| 5.97e+04 – 6.148e+04 | 0 |
| 6.148e+04 – 6.326e+04 | 0 |
| 6.326e+04 – 6.504e+04 | 0 |
| 6.504e+04 – 6.682e+04 | 0 |
| 6.682e+04 – 6.86e+04 | 0 |
| 6.86e+04 – 7.037e+04 | 0 |
| 7.037e+04 – 7.215e+04 | 78 |
This column holds fully-qualified US county names (e.g., 'X County, State'), with the token 'county,' appearing in 2999 of 3222 rows and state names like Texas (256), Virginia (189), and Georgia (159) topping the word frequencies. Every one of the 3222 values is unique with zero nulls or duplicates, and lengths cluster tightly between 16 and 31 characters (mean 24.3). The 223 rows missing the 'county,' token likely correspond to parishes (Louisiana), boroughs/census areas (Alaska), or independent cities, which an analyst should not treat as data quality issues.
Treatment: Split into county and state fields and left-join on a county FIPS lookup.
saturn.columns["county_name"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 3,222 |
| len_min | 16 |
| len_max | 59 |
| len_mean | 24.32 |
| len_median | 24 |
| len_p95 | 31 |
| word_mean | 3.248 |
| word_median | 3 |
| n_empty | 0 |
| n_duplicates | 0 |
| duplicate_rate | 0 |
| vocab_size | 1,990 |
| readability_flesch_mean | 10.28 |
| emoji_rate | 0 |
| url_rate | 0 |
| one_word_rate | 0 |
| allcaps_rate | 0 |
| boilerplate_rate | 0 |
| alert: near_unique | 100.0% of rows are unique strings |
county_name.
| chars | count |
|---|---|
| 16 – 17 | 26 |
| 17 – 18 | 72 |
| 18 – 19 | 121 |
| 19 – 20 | 190 |
| 20 – 21 | 264 |
| 21 – 22 | 407 |
| 22 – 24 | 420 |
| 24 – 25 | 363 |
| 25 – 26 | 320 |
| 26 – 27 | 240 |
| 27 – 28 | 231 |
| 28 – 29 | 152 |
| 29 – 30 | 139 |
| 30 – 31 | 165 |
| 31 – 32 | 41 |
| 32 – 33 | 28 |
| 33 – 34 | 16 |
| 34 – 35 | 10 |
| 35 – 36 | 5 |
| 36 – 38 | 0 |
| 38 – 39 | 1 |
| 39 – 40 | 1 |
| 40 – 41 | 0 |
| 41 – 42 | 1 |
| 42 – 43 | 1 |
| 43 – 44 | 0 |
| 44 – 45 | 2 |
| 45 – 46 | 0 |
| 46 – 47 | 1 |
| 47 – 48 | 1 |
| 48 – 49 | 0 |
| 49 – 50 | 0 |
| 50 – 51 | 0 |
| 51 – 53 | 0 |
| 53 – 54 | 2 |
| 54 – 55 | 1 |
| 55 – 56 | 0 |
| 56 – 57 | 0 |
| 57 – 58 | 0 |
| 58 – 59 | 1 |
This column reports a count of renters per record, ranging from 28 to 1,810,929 with a median of 2,579.5 and a mean of 13,851.1 — consistent with geographic or administrative aggregates rather than individual-level data. The distribution is severely right-skewed (skew 15.82, kurtosis 398.15) and 449 of 3,222 rows (14.0%) flag as outliers, with the std (55,351.6) dwarfing the IQR (6,392). No nulls or zeros are present, and 2,709 of 3,222 values are unique.
Treatment: Log-transform before modelling to tame the heavy right tail.
saturn.columns["total_renters"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 2,709 |
| min | 28 |
| max | 1.811e+06 |
| mean | 1.385e+04 |
| median | 2580 |
| std | 5.535e+04 |
| q1 | 1004 |
| q3 | 7396 |
| iqr | 6,392 |
| skew | 15.82 |
| kurtosis | 398.2 |
| n_outliers | 449 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1394 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+15.82 |
| alert: outliers | 13.9% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
total_renters. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 28 – 4.53e+04 | 3019 |
| 4.53e+04 – 9.057e+04 | 109 |
| 9.057e+04 – 1.358e+05 | 38 |
| 1.358e+05 – 1.811e+05 | 17 |
| 1.811e+05 – 2.264e+05 | 11 |
| 2.264e+05 – 2.717e+05 | 9 |
| 2.717e+05 – 3.169e+05 | 5 |
| 3.169e+05 – 3.622e+05 | 0 |
| 3.622e+05 – 4.075e+05 | 2 |
| 4.075e+05 – 4.528e+05 | 2 |
| 4.528e+05 – 4.98e+05 | 3 |
| 4.98e+05 – 5.433e+05 | 1 |
| 5.433e+05 – 5.886e+05 | 1 |
| 5.886e+05 – 6.338e+05 | 1 |
| 6.338e+05 – 6.791e+05 | 0 |
| 6.791e+05 – 7.244e+05 | 1 |
| 7.244e+05 – 7.697e+05 | 1 |
| 7.697e+05 – 8.149e+05 | 0 |
| 8.149e+05 – 8.602e+05 | 0 |
| 8.602e+05 – 9.055e+05 | 1 |
| 9.055e+05 – 9.508e+05 | 0 |
| 9.508e+05 – 9.96e+05 | 0 |
| 9.96e+05 – 1.041e+06 | 0 |
| 1.041e+06 – 1.087e+06 | 0 |
| 1.087e+06 – 1.132e+06 | 0 |
| 1.132e+06 – 1.177e+06 | 0 |
| 1.177e+06 – 1.222e+06 | 0 |
| 1.222e+06 – 1.268e+06 | 0 |
| 1.268e+06 – 1.313e+06 | 0 |
| 1.313e+06 – 1.358e+06 | 0 |
| 1.358e+06 – 1.403e+06 | 0 |
| 1.403e+06 – 1.449e+06 | 0 |
| 1.449e+06 – 1.494e+06 | 0 |
| 1.494e+06 – 1.539e+06 | 0 |
| 1.539e+06 – 1.585e+06 | 0 |
| 1.585e+06 – 1.63e+06 | 0 |
| 1.63e+06 – 1.675e+06 | 0 |
| 1.675e+06 – 1.72e+06 | 0 |
| 1.72e+06 – 1.766e+06 | 0 |
| 1.766e+06 – 1.811e+06 | 1 |
Percentage of renter households spending 30%+ of income on rent, reported per record (n=3222). Distribution is roughly centered with median 37.36 and IQR 30.67–43.48, mildly left-skewed (-0.57) and ranging 0 to 64.96, with 58 outliers (1.8%) and a small zero_rate of 0.25%. With 2146 unique values out of 3222, granularity is high but not near-unique.
Treatment: Use as-is as a numeric feature; no transform needed given near-symmetric, bounded percentage scale.
saturn.columns["pct_rent_burdened_30plus"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 2,146 |
| min | 0 |
| max | 64.96 |
| mean | 36.44 |
| median | 37.36 |
| std | 10.01 |
| q1 | 30.67 |
| q3 | 43.48 |
| iqr | 12.81 |
| skew | -0.5673 |
| kurtosis | 0.5032 |
| n_outliers | 58 |
| outlier_rate | 0.018 |
| zero_rate | 0.002483 |
pct_rent_burdened_30plus. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 1.624 | 9 |
| 1.624 – 3.248 | 5 |
| 3.248 – 4.872 | 3 |
| 4.872 – 6.496 | 5 |
| 6.496 – 8.12 | 9 |
| 8.12 – 9.744 | 13 |
| 9.744 – 11.37 | 11 |
| 11.37 – 12.99 | 16 |
| 12.99 – 14.62 | 26 |
| 14.62 – 16.24 | 19 |
| 16.24 – 17.86 | 35 |
| 17.86 – 19.49 | 43 |
| 19.49 – 21.11 | 52 |
| 21.11 – 22.74 | 52 |
| 22.74 – 24.36 | 73 |
| 24.36 – 25.98 | 99 |
| 25.98 – 27.61 | 109 |
| 27.61 – 29.23 | 116 |
| 29.23 – 30.86 | 132 |
| 30.86 – 32.48 | 159 |
| 32.48 – 34.1 | 189 |
| 34.1 – 35.73 | 209 |
| 35.73 – 37.35 | 227 |
| 37.35 – 38.98 | 239 |
| 38.98 – 40.6 | 205 |
| 40.6 – 42.22 | 209 |
| 42.22 – 43.85 | 210 |
| 43.85 – 45.47 | 190 |
| 45.47 – 47.1 | 131 |
| 47.1 – 48.72 | 114 |
| 48.72 – 50.34 | 118 |
| 50.34 – 51.97 | 69 |
| 51.97 – 53.59 | 51 |
| 53.59 – 55.22 | 34 |
| 55.22 – 56.84 | 24 |
| 56.84 – 58.46 | 6 |
| 58.46 – 60.09 | 3 |
| 60.09 – 61.71 | 2 |
| 61.71 – 63.34 | 3 |
| 63.34 – 64.96 | 3 |
Likely a county- or tract-level percentage of renter households spending 50%+ of income on rent (severely rent-burdened). Values span 0 to 64.96 with mean 17.35 and median 17.62, and the distribution is nearly symmetric (skew 0.05, kurtosis 0.98) with only 1.5% outliers. About 0.9% of rows are exactly zero and there are no nulls across 3,222 records.
Treatment: Use as-is in modelling; no transform needed given near-symmetric distribution.
saturn.columns["pct_rent_burdened_50plus"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 1,769 |
| min | 0 |
| max | 64.96 |
| mean | 17.35 |
| median | 17.62 |
| std | 6.577 |
| q1 | 13.07 |
| q3 | 21.63 |
| iqr | 8.557 |
| skew | 0.05436 |
| kurtosis | 0.9823 |
| n_outliers | 47 |
| outlier_rate | 0.01459 |
| zero_rate | 0.009311 |
pct_rent_burdened_50plus. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 1.624 | 42 |
| 1.624 – 3.248 | 27 |
| 3.248 – 4.872 | 34 |
| 4.872 – 6.496 | 63 |
| 6.496 – 8.12 | 102 |
| 8.12 – 9.744 | 148 |
| 9.744 – 11.37 | 163 |
| 11.37 – 12.99 | 214 |
| 12.99 – 14.62 | 242 |
| 14.62 – 16.24 | 310 |
| 16.24 – 17.86 | 315 |
| 17.86 – 19.49 | 332 |
| 19.49 – 21.11 | 335 |
| 21.11 – 22.74 | 264 |
| 22.74 – 24.36 | 219 |
| 24.36 – 25.98 | 150 |
| 25.98 – 27.61 | 99 |
| 27.61 – 29.23 | 64 |
| 29.23 – 30.86 | 39 |
| 30.86 – 32.48 | 20 |
| 32.48 – 34.1 | 21 |
| 34.1 – 35.73 | 9 |
| 35.73 – 37.35 | 2 |
| 37.35 – 38.98 | 3 |
| 38.98 – 40.6 | 1 |
| 40.6 – 42.22 | 1 |
| 42.22 – 43.85 | 1 |
| 43.85 – 45.47 | 0 |
| 45.47 – 47.1 | 1 |
| 47.1 – 48.72 | 0 |
| 48.72 – 50.34 | 0 |
| 50.34 – 51.97 | 0 |
| 51.97 – 53.59 | 0 |
| 53.59 – 55.22 | 0 |
| 55.22 – 56.84 | 0 |
| 56.84 – 58.46 | 0 |
| 58.46 – 60.09 | 0 |
| 60.09 – 61.71 | 0 |
| 61.71 – 63.34 | 0 |
| 63.34 – 64.96 | 1 |
Numeric column capturing the median gross rent (presumably USD per month) across 3,222 rows with only 0.31% missing and no zeros. The distribution is right-skewed (skew 1.76, kurtosis 4.55) with median 818 and mean 890.9, and 225 values (7.0%) flagged as outliers stretching up to 2,805 against a Q3 of 978.
Treatment: Log-transform or winsorize before regression to tame the right-skew and high-rent outliers.
saturn.columns["median_gross_rent"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 10 (0.3%) |
| unique | 983 |
| min | 297 |
| max | 2,805 |
| mean | 890.9 |
| median | 818 |
| std | 283.4 |
| q1 | 718 |
| q3 | 978 |
| iqr | 260 |
| skew | 1.763 |
| kurtosis | 4.55 |
| n_outliers | 225 |
| outlier_rate | 0.07005 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: outliers | 7.0% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
median_gross_rent. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 297 – 359.7 | 5 |
| 359.7 – 422.4 | 14 |
| 422.4 – 485.1 | 32 |
| 485.1 – 547.8 | 69 |
| 547.8 – 610.5 | 128 |
| 610.5 – 673.2 | 242 |
| 673.2 – 735.9 | 457 |
| 735.9 – 798.6 | 515 |
| 798.6 – 861.3 | 423 |
| 861.3 – 924 | 306 |
| 924 – 986.7 | 251 |
| 986.7 – 1049 | 140 |
| 1049 – 1112 | 105 |
| 1112 – 1175 | 98 |
| 1175 – 1238 | 79 |
| 1238 – 1300 | 71 |
| 1300 – 1363 | 52 |
| 1363 – 1426 | 48 |
| 1426 – 1488 | 26 |
| 1488 – 1551 | 22 |
| 1551 – 1614 | 33 |
| 1614 – 1676 | 13 |
| 1676 – 1739 | 19 |
| 1739 – 1802 | 10 |
| 1802 – 1864 | 13 |
| 1864 – 1927 | 8 |
| 1927 – 1990 | 11 |
| 1990 – 2053 | 6 |
| 2053 – 2115 | 4 |
| 2115 – 2178 | 3 |
| 2178 – 2241 | 4 |
| 2241 – 2303 | 1 |
| 2303 – 2366 | 1 |
| 2366 – 2429 | 0 |
| 2429 – 2492 | 1 |
| 2492 – 2554 | 0 |
| 2554 – 2617 | 0 |
| 2617 – 2680 | 0 |
| 2680 – 2742 | 1 |
| 2742 – 2805 | 1 |
Median household income in dollars, almost certainly at a US county or similar geography given n=3222 and the typical 14525-170463 range. Distribution is right-skewed (skew 0.95, kurtosis 2.96) with 187 high-side outliers (5.8%) pulling the mean (62327) above the median (60461). Near-complete coverage with only a 0.03% null rate and no zeros.
Treatment: Log-transform before regression to tame the right skew and high-income outliers.
saturn.columns["median_household_income"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 1 (0.0%) |
| unique | 3,098 |
| min | 14,525 |
| max | 170,463 |
| mean | 6.233e+04 |
| median | 60,461 |
| std | 1.777e+04 |
| q1 | 51,823 |
| q3 | 70,379 |
| iqr | 18,556 |
| skew | 0.9478 |
| kurtosis | 2.962 |
| n_outliers | 187 |
| outlier_rate | 0.05806 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: outliers | 5.8% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
median_household_income. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 1.452e+04 – 1.842e+04 | 14 |
| 1.842e+04 – 2.232e+04 | 30 |
| 2.232e+04 – 2.622e+04 | 26 |
| 2.622e+04 – 3.012e+04 | 10 |
| 3.012e+04 – 3.402e+04 | 28 |
| 3.402e+04 – 3.792e+04 | 52 |
| 3.792e+04 – 4.181e+04 | 102 |
| 4.181e+04 – 4.571e+04 | 154 |
| 4.571e+04 – 4.961e+04 | 237 |
| 4.961e+04 – 5.351e+04 | 286 |
| 5.351e+04 – 5.741e+04 | 352 |
| 5.741e+04 – 6.131e+04 | 400 |
| 6.131e+04 – 6.52e+04 | 342 |
| 6.52e+04 – 6.91e+04 | 294 |
| 6.91e+04 – 7.3e+04 | 231 |
| 7.3e+04 – 7.69e+04 | 150 |
| 7.69e+04 – 8.08e+04 | 136 |
| 8.08e+04 – 8.47e+04 | 99 |
| 8.47e+04 – 8.86e+04 | 52 |
| 8.86e+04 – 9.249e+04 | 43 |
| 9.249e+04 – 9.639e+04 | 44 |
| 9.639e+04 – 1.003e+05 | 26 |
| 1.003e+05 – 1.042e+05 | 23 |
| 1.042e+05 – 1.081e+05 | 23 |
| 1.081e+05 – 1.12e+05 | 11 |
| 1.12e+05 – 1.159e+05 | 9 |
| 1.159e+05 – 1.198e+05 | 12 |
| 1.198e+05 – 1.237e+05 | 10 |
| 1.237e+05 – 1.276e+05 | 5 |
| 1.276e+05 – 1.315e+05 | 4 |
| 1.315e+05 – 1.354e+05 | 3 |
| 1.354e+05 – 1.393e+05 | 6 |
| 1.393e+05 – 1.432e+05 | 2 |
| 1.432e+05 – 1.471e+05 | 1 |
| 1.471e+05 – 1.51e+05 | 1 |
| 1.51e+05 – 1.549e+05 | 1 |
| 1.549e+05 – 1.588e+05 | 0 |
| 1.588e+05 – 1.627e+05 | 0 |
| 1.627e+05 – 1.666e+05 | 1 |
| 1.666e+05 – 1.705e+05 | 1 |
Counts of total housing units per record, almost certainly aggregated to a geography (likely US counties given n=3222). The distribution is severely right-skewed (skew 12.05, kurtosis 240.5) with a median of 10,021 but a max of 3,363,093, and 443 rows (13.7%) flag as outliers — consistent with a few massive metros dwarfing thousands of small areas. No nulls or zeros, and 3,074 of 3,222 values are unique.
Treatment: log-transform before modelling to tame the heavy right tail.
saturn.columns["total_housing_units"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 3,074 |
| min | 32 |
| max | 3.363e+06 |
| mean | 3.94e+04 |
| median | 10,021 |
| std | 1.201e+05 |
| q1 | 4211 |
| q3 | 25,939 |
| iqr | 2.173e+04 |
| skew | 12.05 |
| kurtosis | 240.5 |
| n_outliers | 443 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1375 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+12.05 |
| alert: outliers | 13.7% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
total_housing_units. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 32 – 8.411e+04 | 2907 |
| 8.411e+04 – 1.682e+05 | 153 |
| 1.682e+05 – 2.523e+05 | 62 |
| 2.523e+05 – 3.363e+05 | 38 |
| 3.363e+05 – 4.204e+05 | 22 |
| 4.204e+05 – 5.045e+05 | 6 |
| 5.045e+05 – 5.886e+05 | 11 |
| 5.886e+05 – 6.726e+05 | 5 |
| 6.726e+05 – 7.567e+05 | 5 |
| 7.567e+05 – 8.408e+05 | 3 |
| 8.408e+05 – 9.249e+05 | 1 |
| 9.249e+05 – 1.009e+06 | 3 |
| 1.009e+06 – 1.093e+06 | 1 |
| 1.093e+06 – 1.177e+06 | 1 |
| 1.177e+06 – 1.261e+06 | 0 |
| 1.261e+06 – 1.345e+06 | 0 |
| 1.345e+06 – 1.429e+06 | 0 |
| 1.429e+06 – 1.513e+06 | 0 |
| 1.513e+06 – 1.597e+06 | 0 |
| 1.597e+06 – 1.682e+06 | 1 |
| 1.682e+06 – 1.766e+06 | 1 |
| 1.766e+06 – 1.85e+06 | 0 |
| 1.85e+06 – 1.934e+06 | 0 |
| 1.934e+06 – 2.018e+06 | 0 |
| 2.018e+06 – 2.102e+06 | 1 |
| 2.102e+06 – 2.186e+06 | 0 |
| 2.186e+06 – 2.27e+06 | 0 |
| 2.27e+06 – 2.354e+06 | 0 |
| 2.354e+06 – 2.438e+06 | 0 |
| 2.438e+06 – 2.522e+06 | 0 |
| 2.522e+06 – 2.606e+06 | 0 |
| 2.606e+06 – 2.69e+06 | 0 |
| 2.69e+06 – 2.775e+06 | 0 |
| 2.775e+06 – 2.859e+06 | 0 |
| 2.859e+06 – 2.943e+06 | 0 |
| 2.943e+06 – 3.027e+06 | 0 |
| 3.027e+06 – 3.111e+06 | 0 |
| 3.111e+06 – 3.195e+06 | 0 |
| 3.195e+06 – 3.279e+06 | 0 |
| 3.279e+06 – 3.363e+06 | 1 |
Likely a count of owner-occupied housing units per geographic area, with 3001 unique values across 3222 rows and effectively no zeros (zero_rate 0.0003) or nulls. The distribution is severely right-skewed (skew 9.52, kurtosis 146.9): median is 7325.5 but the mean is 25551.7 and the max reaches 1,552,164, producing 429 outliers (13.3%).
Treatment: Log-transform before modelling to tame the heavy right tail.
saturn.columns["owner_occupied"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 3,001 |
| min | 0 |
| max | 1.552e+06 |
| mean | 2.555e+04 |
| median | 7326 |
| std | 6.755e+04 |
| q1 | 3148 |
| q3 | 1.886e+04 |
| iqr | 1.572e+04 |
| skew | 9.516 |
| kurtosis | 146.9 |
| n_outliers | 429 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1331 |
| zero_rate | 0.0003104 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+9.52 |
| alert: outliers | 13.3% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
owner_occupied. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 0 – 3.88e+04 | 2761 |
| 3.88e+04 – 7.761e+04 | 225 |
| 7.761e+04 – 1.164e+05 | 78 |
| 1.164e+05 – 1.552e+05 | 52 |
| 1.552e+05 – 1.94e+05 | 36 |
| 1.94e+05 – 2.328e+05 | 20 |
| 2.328e+05 – 2.716e+05 | 10 |
| 2.716e+05 – 3.104e+05 | 10 |
| 3.104e+05 – 3.492e+05 | 6 |
| 3.492e+05 – 3.88e+05 | 6 |
| 3.88e+05 – 4.268e+05 | 3 |
| 4.268e+05 – 4.656e+05 | 3 |
| 4.656e+05 – 5.045e+05 | 4 |
| 5.045e+05 – 5.433e+05 | 2 |
| 5.433e+05 – 5.821e+05 | 0 |
| 5.821e+05 – 6.209e+05 | 1 |
| 6.209e+05 – 6.597e+05 | 1 |
| 6.597e+05 – 6.985e+05 | 0 |
| 6.985e+05 – 7.373e+05 | 0 |
| 7.373e+05 – 7.761e+05 | 0 |
| 7.761e+05 – 8.149e+05 | 0 |
| 8.149e+05 – 8.537e+05 | 0 |
| 8.537e+05 – 8.925e+05 | 0 |
| 8.925e+05 – 9.313e+05 | 1 |
| 9.313e+05 – 9.701e+05 | 0 |
| 9.701e+05 – 1.009e+06 | 0 |
| 1.009e+06 – 1.048e+06 | 0 |
| 1.048e+06 – 1.087e+06 | 1 |
| 1.087e+06 – 1.125e+06 | 0 |
| 1.125e+06 – 1.164e+06 | 0 |
| 1.164e+06 – 1.203e+06 | 1 |
| 1.203e+06 – 1.242e+06 | 0 |
| 1.242e+06 – 1.281e+06 | 0 |
| 1.281e+06 – 1.319e+06 | 0 |
| 1.319e+06 – 1.358e+06 | 0 |
| 1.358e+06 – 1.397e+06 | 0 |
| 1.397e+06 – 1.436e+06 | 0 |
| 1.436e+06 – 1.475e+06 | 0 |
| 1.475e+06 – 1.513e+06 | 0 |
| 1.513e+06 – 1.552e+06 | 1 |
Counts of renter-occupied housing units per record, ranging from 28 to 1,810,929 with a median of just 2,579.5. The distribution is severely right-skewed (skew 15.82, kurtosis 398.15) with 449 outliers (14% of rows), consistent with a few very large geographies dominating an otherwise small-county distribution. No nulls or zeros, and 2,709 unique values across 3,222 rows suggest county- or tract-level granularity.
Treatment: log-transform before regression to tame the extreme right skew.
saturn.columns["renter_occupied"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 2,709 |
| min | 28 |
| max | 1.811e+06 |
| mean | 1.385e+04 |
| median | 2580 |
| std | 5.535e+04 |
| q1 | 1004 |
| q3 | 7396 |
| iqr | 6,392 |
| skew | 15.82 |
| kurtosis | 398.2 |
| n_outliers | 449 |
| outlier_rate | 0.1394 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+15.82 |
| alert: outliers | 13.9% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
renter_occupied. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 28 – 4.53e+04 | 3019 |
| 4.53e+04 – 9.057e+04 | 109 |
| 9.057e+04 – 1.358e+05 | 38 |
| 1.358e+05 – 1.811e+05 | 17 |
| 1.811e+05 – 2.264e+05 | 11 |
| 2.264e+05 – 2.717e+05 | 9 |
| 2.717e+05 – 3.169e+05 | 5 |
| 3.169e+05 – 3.622e+05 | 0 |
| 3.622e+05 – 4.075e+05 | 2 |
| 4.075e+05 – 4.528e+05 | 2 |
| 4.528e+05 – 4.98e+05 | 3 |
| 4.98e+05 – 5.433e+05 | 1 |
| 5.433e+05 – 5.886e+05 | 1 |
| 5.886e+05 – 6.338e+05 | 1 |
| 6.338e+05 – 6.791e+05 | 0 |
| 6.791e+05 – 7.244e+05 | 1 |
| 7.244e+05 – 7.697e+05 | 1 |
| 7.697e+05 – 8.149e+05 | 0 |
| 8.149e+05 – 8.602e+05 | 0 |
| 8.602e+05 – 9.055e+05 | 1 |
| 9.055e+05 – 9.508e+05 | 0 |
| 9.508e+05 – 9.96e+05 | 0 |
| 9.96e+05 – 1.041e+06 | 0 |
| 1.041e+06 – 1.087e+06 | 0 |
| 1.087e+06 – 1.132e+06 | 0 |
| 1.132e+06 – 1.177e+06 | 0 |
| 1.177e+06 – 1.222e+06 | 0 |
| 1.222e+06 – 1.268e+06 | 0 |
| 1.268e+06 – 1.313e+06 | 0 |
| 1.313e+06 – 1.358e+06 | 0 |
| 1.358e+06 – 1.403e+06 | 0 |
| 1.403e+06 – 1.449e+06 | 0 |
| 1.449e+06 – 1.494e+06 | 0 |
| 1.494e+06 – 1.539e+06 | 0 |
| 1.539e+06 – 1.585e+06 | 0 |
| 1.585e+06 – 1.63e+06 | 0 |
| 1.63e+06 – 1.675e+06 | 0 |
| 1.675e+06 – 1.72e+06 | 0 |
| 1.72e+06 – 1.766e+06 | 0 |
| 1.766e+06 – 1.811e+06 | 1 |
Percentage of renter-occupied housing units across 3,222 records, ranging from 3.01 to 100.0 with a mean of 27.35 and median of 26.07. The distribution is right-skewed (skew 1.32, kurtosis 4.41) with 88 high-side outliers (2.7%); the 100.0 maximum stands out against a Q3 of 31.66 and suggests a few all-renter localities.
Treatment: Use as-is or apply a mild transform (e.g., logit on the 0-100 scale) before linear models given the right skew.
saturn.columns["pct_renter"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 1,925 |
| min | 3.01 |
| max | 100 |
| mean | 27.35 |
| median | 26.07 |
| std | 8.564 |
| q1 | 21.64 |
| q3 | 31.66 |
| iqr | 10.02 |
| skew | 1.317 |
| kurtosis | 4.412 |
| n_outliers | 88 |
| outlier_rate | 0.02731 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
pct_renter. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 3.01 – 5.435 | 1 |
| 5.435 – 7.859 | 3 |
| 7.859 – 10.28 | 9 |
| 10.28 – 12.71 | 26 |
| 12.71 – 15.13 | 63 |
| 15.13 – 17.56 | 156 |
| 17.56 – 19.98 | 316 |
| 19.98 – 22.41 | 371 |
| 22.41 – 24.83 | 450 |
| 24.83 – 27.26 | 419 |
| 27.26 – 29.68 | 357 |
| 29.68 – 32.11 | 301 |
| 32.11 – 34.53 | 203 |
| 34.53 – 36.96 | 169 |
| 36.96 – 39.38 | 115 |
| 39.38 – 41.81 | 75 |
| 41.81 – 44.23 | 56 |
| 44.23 – 46.66 | 45 |
| 46.66 – 49.08 | 25 |
| 49.08 – 51.5 | 15 |
| 51.5 – 53.93 | 11 |
| 53.93 – 56.35 | 10 |
| 56.35 – 58.78 | 8 |
| 58.78 – 61.2 | 4 |
| 61.2 – 63.63 | 4 |
| 63.63 – 66.05 | 1 |
| 66.05 – 68.48 | 1 |
| 68.48 – 70.9 | 3 |
| 70.9 – 73.33 | 1 |
| 73.33 – 75.75 | 1 |
| 75.75 – 78.18 | 0 |
| 78.18 – 80.6 | 1 |
| 80.6 – 83.03 | 0 |
| 83.03 – 85.45 | 1 |
| 85.45 – 87.88 | 0 |
| 87.88 – 90.3 | 0 |
| 90.3 – 92.73 | 0 |
| 92.73 – 95.15 | 0 |
| 95.15 – 97.58 | 0 |
| 97.58 – 100 | 1 |
Likely an annual rent figure in currency units, with 3222 records and 983 distinct values ranging from 3564 to 33660 and a median of 9816. The distribution is right-skewed (skew 1.76, kurtosis 4.55) and 225 rows (7.0%) sit beyond the outlier fences, suggesting a long tail of high-rent cases above the Q3 of 11736. Nulls are negligible (0.31%) and there are no zero values.
Treatment: Log-transform before regression to dampen the right-skew and high-rent outliers.
saturn.columns["annual_rent"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 10 (0.3%) |
| unique | 983 |
| min | 3,564 |
| max | 33,660 |
| mean | 1.069e+04 |
| median | 9,816 |
| std | 3400 |
| q1 | 8,616 |
| q3 | 11,736 |
| iqr | 3,120 |
| skew | 1.763 |
| kurtosis | 4.55 |
| n_outliers | 225 |
| outlier_rate | 0.07005 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: outliers | 7.0% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
annual_rent. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 3564 – 4316 | 5 |
| 4316 – 5069 | 14 |
| 5069 – 5821 | 32 |
| 5821 – 6574 | 69 |
| 6574 – 7326 | 128 |
| 7326 – 8078 | 242 |
| 8078 – 8831 | 457 |
| 8831 – 9583 | 515 |
| 9583 – 1.034e+04 | 423 |
| 1.034e+04 – 1.109e+04 | 306 |
| 1.109e+04 – 1.184e+04 | 251 |
| 1.184e+04 – 1.259e+04 | 140 |
| 1.259e+04 – 1.335e+04 | 105 |
| 1.335e+04 – 1.41e+04 | 98 |
| 1.41e+04 – 1.485e+04 | 79 |
| 1.485e+04 – 1.56e+04 | 71 |
| 1.56e+04 – 1.635e+04 | 52 |
| 1.635e+04 – 1.711e+04 | 48 |
| 1.711e+04 – 1.786e+04 | 26 |
| 1.786e+04 – 1.861e+04 | 22 |
| 1.861e+04 – 1.936e+04 | 33 |
| 1.936e+04 – 2.012e+04 | 13 |
| 2.012e+04 – 2.087e+04 | 19 |
| 2.087e+04 – 2.162e+04 | 10 |
| 2.162e+04 – 2.237e+04 | 13 |
| 2.237e+04 – 2.313e+04 | 8 |
| 2.313e+04 – 2.388e+04 | 11 |
| 2.388e+04 – 2.463e+04 | 6 |
| 2.463e+04 – 2.538e+04 | 4 |
| 2.538e+04 – 2.614e+04 | 3 |
| 2.614e+04 – 2.689e+04 | 4 |
| 2.689e+04 – 2.764e+04 | 1 |
| 2.764e+04 – 2.839e+04 | 1 |
| 2.839e+04 – 2.915e+04 | 0 |
| 2.915e+04 – 2.99e+04 | 1 |
| 2.99e+04 – 3.065e+04 | 0 |
| 3.065e+04 – 3.14e+04 | 0 |
| 3.14e+04 – 3.216e+04 | 0 |
| 3.216e+04 – 3.291e+04 | 1 |
| 3.291e+04 – 3.366e+04 | 1 |
Likely a rent-to-income ratio expressed as a percentage, with a tight interquartile band between 15.1 and 19.39 and median 17.06. The distribution is severely contaminated: skew of 53.98 and kurtosis of 3007 are driven by a max of 1200.0 against a mean of 17.89, and 107 outliers (3.33%) sit far outside the IQR of 4.29. Nulls are negligible at 0.28% and there are no zeros, but the extreme tail suggests data-entry errors or unit inconsistencies.
Treatment: Winsorize or cap extreme values and log-transform before modelling.
saturn.columns["rent_to_income_ratio"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 9 (0.3%) |
| unique | 1,269 |
| min | 6.1 |
| max | 1,200 |
| mean | 17.89 |
| median | 17.06 |
| std | 21.2 |
| q1 | 15.1 |
| q3 | 19.39 |
| iqr | 4.29 |
| skew | 53.98 |
| kurtosis | 3007 |
| n_outliers | 107 |
| outlier_rate | 0.0333 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: high_skew | skew=+53.98 |
rent_to_income_ratio. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 6.1 – 35.95 | 3207 |
| 35.95 – 65.8 | 5 |
| 65.8 – 95.64 | 0 |
| 95.64 – 125.5 | 0 |
| 125.5 – 155.3 | 0 |
| 155.3 – 185.2 | 0 |
| 185.2 – 215 | 0 |
| 215 – 244.9 | 0 |
| 244.9 – 274.7 | 0 |
| 274.7 – 304.6 | 0 |
| 304.6 – 334.4 | 0 |
| 334.4 – 364.3 | 0 |
| 364.3 – 394.1 | 0 |
| 394.1 – 424 | 0 |
| 424 – 453.8 | 0 |
| 453.8 – 483.7 | 0 |
| 483.7 – 513.5 | 0 |
| 513.5 – 543.4 | 0 |
| 543.4 – 573.2 | 0 |
| 573.2 – 603.1 | 0 |
| 603.1 – 632.9 | 0 |
| 632.9 – 662.7 | 0 |
| 662.7 – 692.6 | 0 |
| 692.6 – 722.4 | 0 |
| 722.4 – 752.3 | 0 |
| 752.3 – 782.1 | 0 |
| 782.1 – 812 | 0 |
| 812 – 841.8 | 0 |
| 841.8 – 871.7 | 0 |
| 871.7 – 901.5 | 0 |
| 901.5 – 931.4 | 0 |
| 931.4 – 961.2 | 0 |
| 961.2 – 991.1 | 0 |
| 991.1 – 1021 | 0 |
| 1021 – 1051 | 0 |
| 1051 – 1081 | 0 |
| 1081 – 1110 | 0 |
| 1110 – 1140 | 0 |
| 1140 – 1170 | 0 |
| 1170 – 1200 | 1 |
A 3-level categorical flag bucketing rows into housing affordability tiers. The distribution is extremely degenerate: 'Affordable' covers 3192 of 3222 rows (top_rate 0.9907), 'Moderately Burdened' has 29, and 'Extremely Burdened' has just 1, yielding an entropy_ratio of 0.049. As a predictor it carries almost no information, and the single 'Extremely Burdened' row will not survive any train/test split.
Treatment: Collapse to a binary Affordable vs. Burdened flag or drop; near-constant as-is.
saturn.columns["affordability_category"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 0 (0.0%) |
| unique | 3 |
| top_value | Affordable |
| top_rate | 0.9907 |
| cardinality | 3 |
| entropy | 0.07815 |
| entropy_ratio | 0.04931 |
| alert: imbalance | top value is 99.1% of rows |
affordability_category.
| value | count | share |
|---|---|---|
| Affordable | 3192 | 99.1% |
| Moderately Burdened | 29 | 0.9% |
| Extremely Burdened | 1 | 0.0% |
This column reports the number of minimum-wage work hours required to afford rent, with values ranging from 41 to 387 (median 113, mean 122.9). The distribution is right-skewed (skew 1.76, kurtosis 4.55) and 222 rows (6.9%) flag as outliers in the upper tail, suggesting a subset of high-cost areas where rent demands far more hours than typical. Nulls are negligible (0.31%) and there are no zeros, so coverage is essentially complete.
Treatment: Log-transform or winsorize before regression to dampen the right-tail outliers.
saturn.columns["hours_at_min_wage_for_rent"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 10 (0.3%) |
| unique | 229 |
| min | 41 |
| max | 387 |
| mean | 122.9 |
| median | 113 |
| std | 39.09 |
| q1 | 99 |
| q3 | 135 |
| iqr | 36 |
| skew | 1.763 |
| kurtosis | 4.546 |
| n_outliers | 222 |
| outlier_rate | 0.06912 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: outliers | 6.9% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
hours_at_min_wage_for_rent. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 41 – 49.65 | 5 |
| 49.65 – 58.3 | 14 |
| 58.3 – 66.95 | 29 |
| 66.95 – 75.6 | 72 |
| 75.6 – 84.25 | 132 |
| 84.25 – 92.9 | 232 |
| 92.9 – 101.6 | 463 |
| 101.6 – 110.2 | 536 |
| 110.2 – 118.9 | 392 |
| 118.9 – 127.5 | 319 |
| 127.5 – 136.2 | 251 |
| 136.2 – 144.8 | 131 |
| 144.8 – 153.4 | 111 |
| 153.4 – 162.1 | 103 |
| 162.1 – 170.8 | 74 |
| 170.8 – 179.4 | 73 |
| 179.4 – 188.1 | 53 |
| 188.1 – 196.7 | 44 |
| 196.7 – 205.3 | 27 |
| 205.3 – 214 | 20 |
| 214 – 222.7 | 35 |
| 222.7 – 231.3 | 14 |
| 231.3 – 240 | 17 |
| 240 – 248.6 | 11 |
| 248.6 – 257.2 | 13 |
| 257.2 – 265.9 | 8 |
| 265.9 – 274.6 | 11 |
| 274.6 – 283.2 | 6 |
| 283.2 – 291.9 | 4 |
| 291.9 – 300.5 | 3 |
| 300.5 – 309.2 | 4 |
| 309.2 – 317.8 | 1 |
| 317.8 – 326.4 | 1 |
| 326.4 – 335.1 | 0 |
| 335.1 – 343.8 | 1 |
| 343.8 – 352.4 | 0 |
| 352.4 – 361.1 | 0 |
| 361.1 – 369.7 | 0 |
| 369.7 – 378.4 | 1 |
| 378.4 – 387 | 1 |
This column reports the number of weeks of minimum-wage work needed to cover rent, ranging from 1.0 to 9.7 with a median of 2.8 and IQR of 0.9. The distribution is right-skewed (skew 1.76, kurtosis 4.57) and 222 rows (6.9%) flag as outliers on the high end, pointing to localities where rent dramatically outpaces minimum wage. Nulls are negligible (0.31%) and only 71 unique values appear across 3222 rows, suggesting rounded or coarsely binned figures.
Treatment: Log-transform or winsorize before regression to dampen the right tail.
saturn.columns["weeks_at_min_wage_for_rent"].stats
| stat | value |
|---|---|
| n | 3,222 |
| nulls | 10 (0.3%) |
| unique | 71 |
| min | 1 |
| max | 9.7 |
| mean | 3.072 |
| median | 2.8 |
| std | 0.9775 |
| q1 | 2.5 |
| q3 | 3.4 |
| iqr | 0.9 |
| skew | 1.763 |
| kurtosis | 4.567 |
| n_outliers | 222 |
| outlier_rate | 0.06912 |
| zero_rate | 0 |
| alert: outliers | 6.9% rows beyond 1.5 IQR |
weeks_at_min_wage_for_rent. Vertical dash marks the median.
| bin | count |
|---|---|
| 1 – 1.218 | 5 |
| 1.218 – 1.435 | 14 |
| 1.435 – 1.652 | 29 |
| 1.652 – 1.87 | 61 |
| 1.87 – 2.087 | 107 |
| 2.087 – 2.305 | 294 |
| 2.305 – 2.522 | 437 |
| 2.522 – 2.74 | 483 |
| 2.74 – 2.957 | 408 |
| 2.957 – 3.175 | 298 |
| 3.175 – 3.392 | 230 |
| 3.392 – 3.61 | 240 |
| 3.61 – 3.827 | 95 |
| 3.827 – 4.045 | 89 |
| 4.045 – 4.262 | 74 |
| 4.262 – 4.48 | 68 |
| 4.48 – 4.697 | 48 |
| 4.697 – 4.915 | 56 |
| 4.915 – 5.132 | 25 |
| 5.132 – 5.35 | 20 |
| 5.35 – 5.567 | 34 |
| 5.567 – 5.785 | 11 |
| 5.785 – 6.002 | 23 |
| 6.002 – 6.22 | 13 |
| 6.22 – 6.437 | 12 |
| 6.437 – 6.655 | 5 |
| 6.655 – 6.872 | 11 |
| 6.872 – 7.09 | 5 |
| 7.09 – 7.307 | 5 |
| 7.307 – 7.525 | 3 |
| 7.525 – 7.742 | 4 |
| 7.742 – 7.96 | 1 |
| 7.96 – 8.177 | 1 |
| 8.177 – 8.395 | 0 |
| 8.395 – 8.612 | 1 |
| 8.612 – 8.83 | 0 |
| 8.83 – 9.047 | 0 |
| 9.047 – 9.265 | 0 |
| 9.265 – 9.482 | 1 |
| 9.482 – 9.7 | 1 |
click to copy
@misc{saturn-housing-housing-crisis-merged-2026,
author = {Steuber, Luke},
title = {Saturn reading: housing housing crisis merged},
year ={2026},
howpublished = {\url{https://dr.eamer.dev/saturn/view/housing-housing_crisis_merged}},
note = {Profiled with saturn-dissect v0.2.0, prompt saturn-insight-v2, model anthropic:claude-opus-4-7},
}
Steuber, L. (2026). Saturn reading: housing housing crisis merged. Source: /home/coolhand/datasets/us-inequality-atlas/housing/housing_crisis_merged.csv. Profiled with saturn-dissect v0.2.0 (saturn-insight-v2, anthropic:claude-opus-4-7). Retrieved from https://dr.eamer.dev/saturn/view/housing-housing_crisis_merged