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quirky atmospheric real

saturn notebook · generated 2026-05-01 Report Notebook

Overview

Source: /home/coolhand/html/datavis/data_trove/data/quirky/atmospheric_real.json

Saturn profiled 571 rows across 19 columns. The stats below are deterministic and machine-readable; the prose is a language-model interpretation of those stats (opt-in, added after the fact, never sees raw rows).

[2]:
!pip install saturn-dissect
import subprocess
subprocess.run([
    "saturn", "analyze", "/home/coolhand/html/datavis/data_trove/data/quirky/atmospheric_real.json",
    "--findings", "quirky-atmospheric_real.json",
    "--llm", "anthropic:claude-opus-4-7",
])

Summary confidence: high

This dataset contains 571 weather alert records with 19 columns mixing NWS-style alert metadata (event, severity, urgency, certainty, areaDesc, headline) with sparse atmospheric event annotations (country, event_type, magnitude, source, state). The alert fields are well-populated and dominated by 'Small Craft Advisory' (149 of 571) and 'Winter Weather Advisory' (95), while certainty is overwhelmingly 'Likely' (89.3%) and urgency is 'Expected' (90.6%), suggesting limited variation in those risk dimensions. Severity is the most balanced operational field, split across Moderate (208), Minor (187), and Severe (144). Note that the curiosity-style columns (country, event_type, magnitude, source, state) are ~98.6% null and only describe a handful of rows, so treat them as a separate mini-dataset rather than primary signal.

citing: row_count · column_count · columns.event · columns.severity · columns.urgency · columns.certainty · columns.country · columns.event_type · columns.magnitude

Out[4]:

saturn.schema() · 19 columns

column kind n null% unique alerts
event categorical 571 1.4% 35
headline categorical 571 1.6% 305 long_tail
description categorical 571 0.0% 527 long_tail
severity categorical 571 1.4% 5
certainty categorical 571 1.4% 4
urgency categorical 571 1.4% 5
areaDesc categorical 571 1.4% 441 long_tail
sent unknown 571 0.0% — skipped
effective unknown 571 0.0% — skipped
onset unknown 571 0.0% — skipped
expires unknown 571 0.0% — skipped
latitude numeric 571 97.2% 16 null_rate outliers
longitude numeric 571 97.2% 16 null_rate outliers
event_type categorical 571 98.6% 8 long_tail null_rate
date unknown 571 0.0% — skipped
state categorical 571 98.6% 6 long_tail null_rate
country categorical 571 98.6% 4 long_tail null_rate
magnitude categorical 571 98.6% 5 long_tail null_rate
source categorical 571 98.6% 8 long_tail null_rate
Fig 1.
event · Shows that Small Craft Advisory and Winter Weather Advisory dominate the 35 alert types.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Small Craft Advisory14926.1%
Winter Weather Advisory9516.6%
Winter Storm Warning6010.5%
Wind Advisory559.6%
High Wind Warning213.7%
Red Flag Warning203.5%
Gale Warning203.5%
Brisk Wind Advisory193.3%
Dense Fog Advisory162.8%
Cold Weather Advisory152.6%
Fire Weather Watch122.1%
Heavy Freezing Spray Warning101.8%
Winter Storm Watch101.8%
Avalanche Warning81.4%
High Surf Advisory61.1%
Air Quality Alert61.1%
Special Weather Statement50.9%
Blizzard Warning50.9%
Rip Current Statement50.9%
Extreme Cold Warning30.5%
Fig 2.
severity · Reveals a relatively balanced split between Moderate, Minor, and Severe alerts.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Moderate20836.4%
Minor18732.7%
Severe14425.2%
Unknown193.3%
Extreme50.9%
Fig 3.
certainty · Highlights how nearly 90% of alerts are tagged 'Likely', limiting this field's discriminative power.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Likely50388.1%
Observed244.2%
Unknown183.2%
Possible183.2%
Fig 4.
urgency · Confirms 'Expected' overwhelms other urgency levels — useful for spotting the rare Immediate cases.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Expected51089.3%
Unknown183.2%
Future183.2%
Past111.9%
Immediate61.1%
Fig 5.
latitude · Shows the geographic spread of the small subset with coordinates, skewed toward mid-northern latitudes.
Show data table
bincount
25.76 – 34.543
34.54 – 43.3210
43.32 – 52.091
52.09 – 60.870
60.87 – 69.652
Fig 6.
Per-column null rate across the corpus. Columns are ordered by input position.
Show data table
columnkindnull %
eventcategorical1.4%
headlinecategorical1.6%
descriptioncategorical0.0%
severitycategorical1.4%
certaintycategorical1.4%
urgencycategorical1.4%
areaDesccategorical1.4%
sentunknown0.0%
effectiveunknown0.0%
onsetunknown0.0%
expiresunknown0.0%
latitudenumeric97.2%
longitudenumeric97.2%
event_typecategorical98.6%
dateunknown0.0%
statecategorical98.6%
countrycategorical98.6%
magnitudecategorical98.6%
sourcecategorical98.6%
Fig 7.
Pearson correlation across numeric columns (sampled, bounded).
Show data table
latitudelongitude
latitude+1.00+0.85
longitude+0.85+1.00

event categorical label

This column captures NWS-style weather alert types, with 35 distinct events across 571 rows and a 1.4% null rate. 'Small Craft Advisory' dominates at 26.5% (149 occurrences), followed by 'Winter Weather Advisory' (95) and 'Winter Storm Warning' (60), suggesting a marine/winter-weighted sample. Entropy ratio of 0.72 indicates moderate spread but a clear long tail of rarer event types.

Treatment: Use as a categorical label; consider grouping rare events into an 'Other' bucket before modelling.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[13]:

saturn.columns["event"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls8 (1.4%)
unique35
top_value Small Craft Advisory
top_rate 0.2647
cardinality 35
entropy 3.699
entropy_ratio 0.7212
Fig 8.
Top values for event.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Small Craft Advisory14926.1%
Winter Weather Advisory9516.6%
Winter Storm Warning6010.5%
Wind Advisory559.6%
High Wind Warning213.7%
Red Flag Warning203.5%
Gale Warning203.5%
Brisk Wind Advisory193.3%
Dense Fog Advisory162.8%
Cold Weather Advisory152.6%
Fire Weather Watch122.1%
Heavy Freezing Spray Warning101.8%
Winter Storm Watch101.8%
Avalanche Warning81.4%
High Surf Advisory61.1%
Air Quality Alert61.1%
Special Weather Statement50.9%
Blizzard Warning50.9%
Rip Current Statement50.9%
Extreme Cold Warning30.5%

headline categorical free_text

This column holds NWS-style alert headlines that pack advisory type, issuing/expiry timestamps, and originating forecast office into a single string (e.g. 'Small Craft Advisory issued February 17 at 4:12AM AKST until February 18 at 5:00PM AKST by NWS Anchorage AK'). Cardinality is high at 305 unique values across 571 rows with entropy ratio 0.943, yet the top headline still repeats 19 times because identical advisories cover multiple zones. Small Craft Advisories out of NWS Anchorage AK dominate the top of the distribution, and a long_tail alert is flagged.

Treatment: Parse into structured fields (event type, issue/expiry timestamps, office) rather than using the raw string.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[16]:

saturn.columns["headline"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls9 (1.6%)
unique305
top_value Small Craft Advisory issued February 17 at 4:12AM AKST until February 18 at 5:00PM AKST by NWS Anchorage AK
top_rate 0.03381
cardinality 305
entropy 7.782
entropy_ratio 0.943
alert: long_tail190 singleton categories
Fig 9.
Top values for headline.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Small Craft Advisory issued February 17 at 4:12AM AKST until February 18 at 5:00PM AKST by NWS Anchorage AK193.3%
Small Craft Advisory issued February 17 at 3:15PM AKST until February 19 at 5:00AM AKST by NWS Anchorage AK183.2%
Small Craft Advisory issued February 16 at 3:26PM AKST until February 18 at 5:00AM AKST by NWS Anchorage AK173.0%
Small Craft Advisory issued February 17 at 5:25PM AKST until February 18 at 5:00AM AKST by NWS Juneau AK152.6%
Small Craft Advisory issued February 17 at 3:15PM AKST until February 18 at 5:00PM AKST by NWS Anchorage AK91.6%
Brisk Wind Advisory issued February 17 at 3:49PM AKST until February 18 at 5:00PM AKST by NWS Fairbanks AK81.4%
Small Craft Advisory issued February 17 at 2:09PM PST until February 19 at 3:00AM PST by NWS San Francisco CA61.1%
Winter Weather Advisory issued February 17 at 12:03PM PST until February 19 at 10:00AM PST by NWS Medford OR61.1%
Winter Storm Warning issued February 17 at 10:33AM MST until February 19 at 5:00AM MST by NWS Grand Junction CO61.1%
Wind Advisory issued February 17 at 10:08PM CST until February 18 at 12:00PM CST by NWS Sioux Falls SD50.9%
Small Craft Advisory issued February 17 at 2:58PM AKST until February 18 at 5:00AM AKST by NWS Juneau AK50.9%
Winter Storm Warning issued February 17 at 12:03PM PST until February 19 at 10:00AM PST by NWS Medford OR50.9%
Winter Weather Advisory issued February 17 at 10:33AM MST until February 19 at 5:00AM MST by NWS Grand Junction CO50.9%
Winter Storm Warning issued February 17 at 8:20PM PST until February 18 at 10:00PM PST by NWS Las Vegas NV40.7%
Cold Weather Advisory issued February 17 at 5:55PM AKST until February 18 at 9:00AM AKST by NWS Juneau AK40.7%
Small Craft Advisory issued February 17 at 5:25PM AKST until February 18 at 5:00PM AKST by NWS Juneau AK40.7%
Heavy Freezing Spray Warning issued February 17 at 5:25PM AKST until February 18 at 5:00AM AKST by NWS Juneau AK40.7%
Small Craft Advisory issued February 17 at 2:41PM AKST until February 18 at 3:00AM AKST by NWS Juneau AK40.7%
Winter Storm Warning issued February 17 at 3:00PM PST until February 19 at 6:00AM PST by NWS Eureka CA40.7%
Winter Weather Advisory issued February 17 at 1:43PM PST until February 18 at 4:00AM PST by NWS Reno NV40.7%

description categorical free_text

This column holds full-text NWS weather advisories — marine forecasts, gale/small craft warnings, fire weather watches, and high wind warnings — with structured sections like .TONIGHT/.WED, WHAT/WHERE/WHEN/IMPACTS embedded in the prose. It is near-unique (527 distinct of 571, entropy ratio 0.9945) with a long_tail alert, and the most common string repeats only 4 times (top_rate 0.0070). Treating these as categorical levels would be useless; they are documents, and several appear to be recurring boilerplate templates with swapped wind/sea numbers.

Treatment: Parse the structured fields (WHAT/WHERE/WHEN, wind/seas) with regex or tokenize and embed; do not one-hot.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[19]:

saturn.columns["description"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls0 (0.0%)
unique527
top_value Southeast Alaska Inside Waters from Dixon Entrance to Skagway Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...N wind 25 kt. Seas 5 ft. Heavy freezing spray. .WED...N wind 15 kt diminishing to 10 kt in the morning. Seas 3 ft in the morning then 2 ft or less. Light freezing spray in the early morning. .WED NIGHT...N wind 10 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. .THU...N wind 10 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Light freezing spray. .THU NIGHT...N wind 15 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Snow. .FRI...N gale to 35 kt. Seas 5 ft. .SAT...N gale to 45 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. .SUN...N gale to 35 kt. Seas 2 ft or less.
top_rate 0.007005
cardinality 527
entropy 8.992
entropy_ratio 0.9945
alert: long_tail490 singleton categories
Fig 10.
Top values for description.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Southeast Alaska Inside Waters from Dixon Entrance to Skagway Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...N wind 25 kt. Seas 5 ft. Heavy freezing spray. .WED...N wind 15 kt diminishing to 10 kt in the morning. Seas 3 ft in the morning then 2 ft or less. Light freezing spray in the early morning. .WED NIGHT...N wind 10 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. .THU...N wind 10 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Light freezing spray. .THU NIGHT...N wind 15 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Snow. .FRI...N gale to 35 kt. Seas 5 ft. .SAT...N gale to 45 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. .SUN...N gale to 35 kt. Seas 2 ft or less.40.7%
The Winter Storm Watch has been replaced. Please see the latest information from NWS Gaylord MI on this developing situation.40.7%
* WHAT...For the first Small Craft Advisory, east winds 20 to 25 kts with gusts up to 30 kts and waves 5 to 7 ft expected. For the Gale Warning, east winds 20 to 30 kts with gusts up to 40 kts and waves 6 to 11 ft expected. For the second Small Craft Advisory, southeast winds 10 to 20 kts with gusts up to 30 kts and waves 5 to 8 ft expected. * WHERE...Lake Michigan nearshore waters from Washington Island to Sturgeon Bay. * WHEN...For the first Small Craft Advisory, until midnight CST tonight. For the Gale Warning, until noon CST Wednesday. For the second Small Craft Advisory, from noon to 10 PM CST Wednesday. * IMPACTS...Strong winds will cause hazardous waves which could capsize or damage vessels and reduce visibility.30.5%
Southeast Alaska Inside Waters from Dixon Entrance to Skagway Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...NE wind 25 kt. Seas 7 ft. Light freezing spray. .WED...NE wind 15 kt. Seas 5 ft. .WED NIGHT...NE wind 15 kt. Seas 5 ft. .THU...NE wind 15 kt. Seas 5 ft. Snow. .THU NIGHT...NE wind 20 kt. Seas 4 ft. SW swell. Snow and rain. .FRI...NE gale to 45 kt. Seas 10 ft. .SAT...NE gale to 45 kt. Seas 4 ft. .SUN...NE gale to 40 kt. Seas 3 ft.30.5%
* WHAT...For the Gale Warning, north winds 25 to 35 kt with gusts up to 45 kt and seas 6 to 8 ft. For the Heavy Freezing Spray Warning, heavy freezing spray at a rate of 2 cm per hour or greater may rapidly accumulate on vessels. For the Small Craft Advisory, north winds 20 to 30 kt with gusts up to 40 kt and seas 6 to 8 ft expected. * WHERE...Northern Lynn Canal. * WHEN...For the Gale Warning, until midnight AKST tonight. For the Heavy Freezing Spray Warning, until 6 AM AKST Wednesday. For the Small Craft Advisory, from midnight tonight to noon AKST Wednesday. * IMPACTS...Operating a vessel in heavy freezing spray is hazardous. Freezing spray may render mechanical and electronic components inoperative. Rapid ice accretion on decks and superstructures may result in a catastrophic loss of stability. Strong winds will cause hazardous seas which could capsize or damage vessels and reduce visibility.30.5%
...FIRE WEATHER WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY MORNING THROUGH THURSDAY EVENING FOR BREEZY WINDS AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR THE FAR SOUTHERN TEXAS PANHANDLE, NORTHERN SOUTH PLAINS, AND NORTHERN ROLLING PLAINS... * Timing...Wednesday from 11 AM until 7 PM for the Red Flag Warning. For the Fire Weather Watch, Thursday from late morning through the evening. * Wind...For Wednesday, Southwest at 20 to 30 mph with gusts to 40 mph. For Thursday, West at 20 to 25 mph with gusts to 35 mph. * Humidity...As low as 10 percent Wednesday and Thursday. * Fuels...Normal to dry. * Impacts...Any fires that develop can spread rapidly. Outdoor burning is discouraged.20.4%
* WHAT...For the first High Wind Warning, west winds 35 to 45 mph with gusts up to 60 mph. For the second High Wind Warning, west winds 45 to 65 mph with gusts up to 80 mph expected. * WHERE...Guadalupe Mountains of west Texas and Southeast New Mexico. * WHEN...For the first High Wind Warning, until 10 PM MST /11 PM CST/ this evening. For the second High Wind Warning, from 9 AM MST /10 AM CST/ Wednesday to 9 PM MST /10 PM CST/ Thursday. * IMPACTS...Travel will be difficult, especially for high profile vehicles like campers, vans, and tractor trailers. Aviation interests may experience localized but extreme turbulence, or strong downward airflows if flying in the near the Guadalupe Mountains. Severe turbulence near the mountains will be hazardous for low flying light aircraft.20.4%
...FIRE WEATHER WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY MORNING THROUGH THURSDAY EVENING... * WINDS...Southwest 15 to 25 mph with gusts up to 30 mph Wednesday. * RELATIVE HUMIDITY...As low as 10 percent. * TEMPERATURES...73 to 78 Wednesday afternoon. * IMPACTS...Any fires that develop will likely spread rapidly. Outdoor burning is not recommended. * SEVERITY... FUELS (ERC)...70th-89th percentile...4 (out of 5). WEATHER...Near Critical...2 (out of 5). FIRE ENVIRONMENT...6 (out of 10).20.4%
Southeast Alaska Coastal Waters from Dixon Entrance to Cape Suckling out 100 NM Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Seas forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...N wind 25 kt. Seas 9 ft. .WED...N wind 20 kt. Seas 8 ft. W swell in the afternoon. .WED NIGHT...NW wind 10 kt. Seas 6 ft. W swell in the evening. .THU...W wind 15 kt. Seas 6 ft. W swell. .THU NIGHT...W wind 25 kt. Seas 7 ft. W swell. .FRI...NE wind 25 kt. Seas 14 ft. .SAT...NE wind 30 kt. Seas 11 ft. .SUN...NE wind 25 kt. Seas 12 ft.20.4%
Southeast Alaska Coastal Waters from Dixon Entrance to Cape Suckling out 100 NM Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Seas forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...N wind 20 kt. Seas 9 ft. .WED...N wind 25 kt. Seas 8 ft. .WED NIGHT...N wind 15 kt. Seas 7 ft. .THU...NW wind 15 kt. Seas 5 ft. .THU NIGHT...W wind 25 kt. Seas 6 ft. W swell. .FRI...E wind 25 kt. Seas 13 ft. .SAT...NE wind 25 kt. Seas 12 ft. .SUN...NE wind 25 kt. Seas 13 ft.20.4%
Southeast Alaska Coastal Waters from Dixon Entrance to Cape Suckling out 100 NM Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Seas forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...NE wind 25 kt. Seas 8 ft. .WED...NE wind 15 kt. Seas 6 ft. SW swell in the afternoon. .WED NIGHT...Light winds. Seas 6 ft. SW swell. .THU...E wind 10 kt. Seas 6 ft. SW swell. Snow. .THU NIGHT...SW wind 20 kt. Seas 6 ft. SW swell. Snow. .FRI...NE gale to 45 kt. Seas 12 ft. .SAT...NE gale to 45 kt. Seas 8 ft. .SUN...NE gale to 35 kt. Seas 5 ft.20.4%
Southeast Alaska Coastal Waters from Dixon Entrance to Cape Suckling out 100 NM Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Seas forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...NE wind 25 kt. Seas 9 ft. .WED...N wind 20 kt. Seas 7 ft. W swell. .WED NIGHT...W wind 10 kt. Seas 6 ft. W swell. .THU...W wind 20 kt. Seas 7 ft. W swell. .THU NIGHT...W wind 25 kt. Seas 10 ft. W swell. .FRI...NE gale to 40 kt. Seas 13 ft. .SAT...NE gale to 40 kt. Seas 10 ft. .SUN...NE gale to 35 kt. Seas 11 ft.20.4%
Southeast Alaska Coastal Waters from Dixon Entrance to Cape Suckling out 100 NM Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Seas forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...NE wind 25 kt. Seas 8 ft. .WED...E wind 15 kt. Seas 6 ft. SW swell in the afternoon. .WED NIGHT...Light winds becoming E 10 kt late. Seas 6 ft. SW swell. .THU...E wind 15 kt. Seas 6 ft. SW swell. Snow. .THU NIGHT...E wind 25 kt. Seas 7 ft. SW swell. Snow and rain. .FRI...NE gale to 45 kt. Seas 12 ft. .SAT...NE gale to 45 kt. Seas 7 ft. .SUN...NE gale to 35 kt. Seas 5 ft.20.4%
Southeast Alaska Inside Waters from Dixon Entrance to Skagway Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...N wind 35 kt diminishing to 30 kt. Seas 9 ft. Heavy freezing spray. .WED...N wind 25 kt diminishing to 15 kt in the afternoon. Seas 5 ft subsiding. Light freezing spray in the morning. .WED NIGHT...N wind 15 kt. Seas 3 ft. .THU...N wind 15 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Light freezing spray. .THU NIGHT...N wind 20 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Light freezing spray. Snow. .FRI...N gale to 45 kt. Seas 6 ft. .SAT...N storm force wind to 50 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. .SUN...N storm force wind to 50 kt. Seas 2 ft or less.20.4%
Southeast Alaska Inside Waters from Dixon Entrance to Skagway Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...NE wind 25 kt. Near Point Couverden, N wind 35 kt with gusts to 50 kt. Seas 7 ft. Light freezing spray. .WED...NE wind 15 kt. Seas 3 ft in the morning then 2 ft or less. .WED NIGHT...E wind 10 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. .THU...E wind 10 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. .THU NIGHT...E wind 15 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Snow. .FRI...NE gale to 35 kt. Seas 5 ft. .SAT...N gale to 35 kt. Seas 3 ft. .SUN...N wind 30 kt. Seas 3 ft.20.4%
Southeast Alaska Inside Waters from Dixon Entrance to Skagway Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...N wind 30 kt. Out of interior passes, gusts to 45 kt. Seas 8 ft. Light freezing spray. .WED...N wind 25 kt diminishing to 15 kt in the afternoon. Out of interior passes, gusts to 35 kt in the morning. Seas 5 ft subsiding. Light freezing spray in the morning. .WED NIGHT...N wind 15 kt becoming E late. Seas 3 ft in the evening then 2 ft or less. .THU...E wind 15 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Snow. .THU NIGHT...SE wind 15 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Snow. .FRI...N wind 25 kt. Seas 3 ft. .SAT...N gale to 35 kt. Seas 3 ft. .SUN...N gale to 35 kt. Seas 3 ft.20.4%
Southeast Alaska Inside Waters from Dixon Entrance to Skagway Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...N wind 30 kt. near Point Couverden, gusts to 50 kt. Seas 10 ft. Light freezing spray. .WED...N wind 20 kt diminishing to 15 kt in the afternoon. Seas 7 ft subsiding to 3 ft in the afternoon. Light freezing spray in the morning. .WED NIGHT...N wind 15 kt. Seas 3 ft in the evening then 2 ft or less. .THU...N wind 10 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. .THU NIGHT...N wind 20 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Snow. .FRI...N gale to 45 kt. Seas 6 ft. .SAT...N storm force wind to 50 kt. Seas 3 ft. .SUN...N storm force wind to 50 kt. Seas 2 ft or less.20.4%
Southeast Alaska Inside Waters from Dixon Entrance to Skagway Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...N wind 25 kt. Near Point Couverden, N wind 35 kt with gusts to 50 kt. Seas 7 ft. Light freezing spray. .WED...N wind 20 kt diminishing to 10 kt in the afternoon. Seas 4 ft in the morning then 2 ft or less. .WED NIGHT...E wind 15 kt. Seas 3 ft in the evening then 2 ft or less. .THU...E wind 10 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Snow. .THU NIGHT...SE wind 15 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Snow and rain. .FRI...NE wind 25 kt. Seas 3 ft. .SAT...N gale to 35 kt. Seas 3 ft. .SUN...N wind 30 kt. Seas 2 ft or less.20.4%
Southeast Alaska Inside Waters from Dixon Entrance to Skagway Wind forecasts reflect the predominant speed and direction expected. Sea forecasts represent the average of the highest one-third of the combined windwave and swell height. .TONIGHT...N wind 25 kt. Seas 7 ft. Light freezing spray. .WED...N wind 20 kt diminishing to 15 kt in the afternoon. Seas 5 ft. Light freezing spray in the morning. .WED NIGHT...N wind 15 kt becoming E late. Seas 3 ft in the evening then 2 ft or less. .THU...E wind 10 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. .THU NIGHT...SE wind 15 kt. Seas 2 ft or less. Snow. .FRI...NE wind 20 kt. Seas 3 ft. .SAT...N wind 30 kt. Seas 3 ft. .SUN...N wind 30 kt. Seas 3 ft.20.4%
...FIRE WEATHER WATCH REMAINS IN EFFECT FROM THURSDAY MORNING THROUGH THURSDAY EVENING FOR GUSTY WINDS AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONES 228 AND 230... ...RED FLAG WARNING WILL EXPIRE AT 7 PM MST THIS EVENING FOR GUSTY WINDS AND LOW RELATIVE HUMIDITY FOR FIRE WEATHER ZONES 228 AND 230... * AFFECTED AREA...Fire Weather Zones 228 and 230. * TIMING...For the Red Flag Warning, from 10 AM to 7 PM MST Wednesday. For the Fire Weather Watch, from Thursday morning through Thursday evening. * WINDS...West 30 to 40 mph with gusts up to 60 mph on Wednesday. West to Northwest winds 15 to 25 mph with gusts up to 40 mph on Thursday. * RELATIVE HUMIDITY...As low as 10 percent. * IMPACTS...Elevated fire danger is expected. Fires will catch and spread rapidly and erratically.20.4%

severity categorical label

A 5-level severity classification, dominated by Moderate (208) and Minor (187), with Severe (144) close behind and Extreme appearing only 5 times. The Unknown bucket (19) plus a 1.4% null rate means roughly 4% of rows lack a clean severity signal. Entropy ratio of 0.77 shows the distribution is reasonably spread rather than collapsed onto one class.

Treatment: Treat as ordinal (Minor

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[22]:

saturn.columns["severity"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls8 (1.4%)
unique5
top_value Moderate
top_rate 0.3694
cardinality 5
entropy 1.788
entropy_ratio 0.7698
Fig 11.
Top values for severity.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Moderate20836.4%
Minor18732.7%
Severe14425.2%
Unknown193.3%
Extreme50.9%

certainty categorical label

A 4-level categorical certainty/confidence label, almost certainly attached to event or prediction records. The distribution is extremely concentrated: 'Likely' covers 89.3% of the 571 rows, while 'Observed', 'Unknown', and 'Possible' together account for only 60 rows. Null rate is negligible (1.4%) and entropy ratio is just 0.33, so this column carries little discriminative signal on its own.

Treatment: One-hot encode but expect low signal; consider collapsing rare levels or dropping due to severe class imbalance.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[25]:

saturn.columns["certainty"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls8 (1.4%)
unique4
top_value Likely
top_rate 0.8934
cardinality 4
entropy 0.6569
entropy_ratio 0.3285
Fig 12.
Top values for certainty.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Likely50388.1%
Observed244.2%
Unknown183.2%
Possible183.2%

urgency categorical feature

This is a small-cardinality categorical flag describing the timing/urgency of an event, with 5 levels. The distribution is severely imbalanced: 'Expected' covers 90.6% of 571 rows, leaving 'Unknown', 'Future', 'Past', and 'Immediate' as rare tails (6-18 rows each). Entropy ratio of 0.27 confirms the column carries little information, and 1.4% of values are null.

Treatment: Collapse rare levels into an 'Other' bucket or binarize as Expected vs not before modelling.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[28]:

saturn.columns["urgency"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls8 (1.4%)
unique5
top_value Expected
top_rate 0.9059
cardinality 5
entropy 0.6276
entropy_ratio 0.2703
Fig 13.
Top values for urgency.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Expected51089.3%
Unknown183.2%
Future183.2%
Past111.9%
Immediate61.1%

areaDesc categorical metadata

Free-text geographic descriptions for weather alerts, with 441 unique values across 571 rows (entropy ratio 0.98) and the most common value 'Glacier Bay' appearing only 9 times (1.6%). Many entries concatenate multiple zones with semicolons (e.g., 'Greater Lake Tahoe Area; Greater Lake Tahoe Area' which even repeats itself), so the field mixes single-region and compound-region strings. Null rate is low at 1.4%, but the long tail makes this unsuitable as a categorical feature without normalization.

Treatment: Split on ';' and normalize to canonical zone names before any grouping or joining.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[31]:

saturn.columns["areaDesc"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls8 (1.4%)
unique441
top_value Glacier Bay
top_rate 0.01599
cardinality 441
entropy 8.608
entropy_ratio 0.9799
alert: long_tail369 singleton categories
Fig 14.
Top values for areaDesc.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Glacier Bay91.6%
Northern Lynn Canal71.2%
Stephens Passage50.9%
Frederick Sound50.9%
Cape Decision to Cape Edgecumbe from 15 to 80 NM40.7%
Dixon Entrance to Cape Decision from 15 to 90 NM40.7%
Icy Strait40.7%
Northern Chatham Strait40.7%
Greater Lake Tahoe Area; Greater Lake Tahoe Area40.7%
Sacramento Mountains Above 7500 Feet; East Slopes Sacramento Mountains Below 7500 Feet30.5%
Rock Island Passage to Sturgeon Bay WI30.5%
Southern Lynn Canal30.5%
Cross Sound30.5%
Nikolski to Seguam Pacific Side from 15 to 75 NM30.5%
Kuskokwim Delta from 15 to 80 NM30.5%
Castle Cape to Cape Tolstoi from 15 to 100 NM30.5%
Seguam to Adak Pacific Side from 15 to 75 NM30.5%
Seguam to Adak Bering Side from 15 to 85 NM30.5%
Nikolski to Seguam Bering Side out to 15 NM30.5%
Pribilof Islands Nearshore Waters30.5%

sent unknown other

The column 'sent' was skipped by the profiler, so its kind is unknown and no descriptive statistics are available. The only signals are 571 rows with a 0.0 null rate, suggesting the field is fully populated but otherwise opaque. Without type or cardinality information, no further characterisation is possible.

Treatment: Re-profile with type inference enabled before deciding on downstream handling.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence low
Out[34]:

saturn.columns["sent"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls0 (0.0%)
unique—
alert: skippedno profiler for kind=unknown

effective unknown other

The column 'effective' was skipped by the profiler, so its kind is unknown and no descriptive statistics were computed. We only know it has 571 rows and zero nulls; uniqueness, type, and value distribution are all unreported.

Treatment: Re-profile or inspect manually to determine type before any downstream use.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence low
Out[36]:

saturn.columns["effective"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls0 (0.0%)
unique—
alert: skippedno profiler for kind=unknown

onset unknown other

The column is named "onset" with 571 non-null entries and a null rate of 0.0, but saturn skipped profiling so its kind is unknown and no distributional stats were emitted. The name suggests an onset time or date (e.g., symptom or event onset), yet without dtype, uniqueness, or value statistics this is unverified. No surprises can be flagged because the evidence payload is empty beyond the row count.

Treatment: Re-profile with an explicit type hint (likely datetime) before deciding on use.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence low
Out[38]:

saturn.columns["onset"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls0 (0.0%)
unique—
alert: skippedno profiler for kind=unknown

expires unknown other

The column is named "expires" and contains 571 non-null entries, but saturn skipped profiling so its type and value distribution are unknown. No uniqueness, range, or format statistics are available to confirm whether it holds dates, durations, or flags. The name suggests a timestamp or expiry indicator, but this is unverified by the evidence.

Treatment: Re-profile with an explicit parser to determine whether this is a timestamp before using it downstream.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence low
Out[40]:

saturn.columns["expires"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls0 (0.0%)
unique—
alert: skippedno profiler for kind=unknown

latitude numeric feature

This is a geographic latitude column, with values spanning 25.76 to 69.65 and a median of 35.45 — consistent with northern-hemisphere coordinates. The column is almost entirely empty (97.2% null) with only 16 unique values across 571 rows, and 4 of the 16 populated values (25%) are flagged as outliers, with a right skew of 1.51 pulling the mean up to 40.46.

Treatment: Drop or treat as sparse metadata; too few non-null values to model directly.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[42]:

saturn.columns["latitude"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls555 (97.2%)
unique16
min 25.76
max 69.65
mean 40.46
median 35.45
std 11.58
q1 34.96
q3 41
iqr 6.043
skew 1.508
kurtosis 1.297
n_outliers 4
outlier_rate 0.25
zero_rate 0
alert: null_rate97.2% null
alert: outliers25.0% rows beyond 1.5 IQR
Fig 15.
Distribution of latitude. Vertical dash marks the median.
Show data table
bincount
25.76 – 34.543
34.54 – 43.3210
43.32 – 52.091
52.09 – 60.870
60.87 – 69.652

longitude numeric feature

Geographic longitude coordinates, but only 16 of 571 rows carry a value (null rate 0.972), making this column nearly empty. The populated values span -120.609 to 18.955 with median -95.307, suggesting a mix of North American and possibly European points, and 2 outliers (12.5% of non-nulls) plus a skew of 1.28 hint at a few eastern-hemisphere entries pulling the distribution right.

Treatment: Drop or impute given 97.2% nulls; only usable if paired with latitude on the few populated rows.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence medium
Out[45]:

saturn.columns["longitude"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls555 (97.2%)
unique16
min -120.6
max 18.96
mean -84.42
median -95.31
std 45.23
q1 -120.2
q3 -78.65
iqr 41.52
skew 1.283
kurtosis 0.3248
n_outliers 2
outlier_rate 0.125
zero_rate 0
alert: null_rate97.2% null
alert: outliers12.5% rows beyond 1.5 IQR
Fig 16.
Distribution of longitude. Vertical dash marks the median.
Show data table
bincount
-120.6 – -92.79
-92.7 – -64.784
-64.78 – -36.870
-36.87 – -8.9581
-8.958 – 18.962

event_type categorical label

This is a categorical event_type label naming rare atmospheric or geological phenomena (e.g., Ball Lightning, Waterspout, Volcanic Lightning). It is almost entirely empty: null_rate is 0.986 across n=571, leaving only 8 populated rows, each a distinct value with frequency 1, so entropy_ratio is 1.0. The column is effectively a sparse free-list of unique tags rather than a usable category.

Treatment: Drop or retain only as a sparse annotation; too few non-null rows to model.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[48]:

saturn.columns["event_type"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls563 (98.6%)
unique8
top_value Ball Lightning
top_rate 0.125
cardinality 8
entropy 3
entropy_ratio 1
alert: long_tail8 singleton categories
alert: null_rate98.6% null
Fig 17.
Top values for event_type.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Ball Lightning10.2%
Waterspout10.2%
Mammatus Clouds10.2%
Volcanic Lightning10.2%
Nacreous Clouds10.2%
Fire Whirl10.2%
Derecho10.2%
Sprites10.2%

date unknown timestamp

This column is named "date" and contains 571 non-null values, but saturn skipped detailed profiling so no type, uniqueness, or distribution stats are available. Without parsed values it is impossible to confirm whether entries are timestamps, formatted strings, or something else. The only firm signals are the full population (null_rate 0.0) and the row count of 571.

Treatment: Parse to a proper datetime type and re-profile before use.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence low
Out[51]:

saturn.columns["date"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls0 (0.0%)
unique—
alert: skippedno profiler for kind=unknown

state categorical metadata

Geographic state field mixing US state abbreviations (FL, OK, CA, IA, NY) with an 'International' bucket. The column is essentially empty — 98.6% null with only 8 non-null values across 571 rows, and 'International' accounts for 3 of those 8. With just 6 unique values and near-uniform distribution among the populated rows (entropy ratio 0.93), there is too little signal here to support analysis.

Treatment: Drop or collapse to a binary 'is_international' flag; null rate of 0.986 makes it unusable as-is.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[53]:

saturn.columns["state"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls563 (98.6%)
unique6
top_value International
top_rate 0.375
cardinality 6
entropy 2.406
entropy_ratio 0.9306
alert: long_tail5 singleton categories
alert: null_rate98.6% null
Fig 18.
Top values for state.
Show data table
valuecountshare
International30.5%
FL10.2%
OK10.2%
CA10.2%
IA10.2%
NY10.2%

country categorical metadata

Country-of-origin field, but it is effectively empty: 98.6% of the 571 rows are null and only 8 records carry a value across 4 distinct countries (USA dominates at 5 of 8, or 62.5%). With such sparse coverage, the entropy ratio of 0.77 and the long tail are statistically meaningless. This column cannot support any country-level analysis as-is.

Treatment: Drop or set aside; null rate is too high to use as a feature.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[56]:

saturn.columns["country"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls563 (98.6%)
unique4
top_value USA
top_rate 0.625
cardinality 4
entropy 1.549
entropy_ratio 0.7744
alert: long_tail3 singleton categories
alert: null_rate98.6% null
Fig 19.
Top values for country.
Show data table
valuecountshare
USA50.9%
United Kingdom10.2%
Iceland10.2%
Norway10.2%

magnitude categorical feature

Categorical magnitude/intensity field, almost entirely empty: 98.6% null across 571 rows, leaving only 8 populated entries spread across 5 distinct values. The non-null content is also inconsistent, mixing placeholders ("N/A", "Unknown") with structured scales ("F0-F1", "EF-3 equivalent") and free text ("140 mph winds"), so even the present data is not directly comparable.

Treatment: Drop or set aside; too sparse and inconsistently coded to model without manual normalisation.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[59]:

saturn.columns["magnitude"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls563 (98.6%)
unique5
top_value N/A
top_rate 0.5
cardinality 5
entropy 2
entropy_ratio 0.8614
alert: long_tail4 singleton categories
alert: null_rate98.6% null
Fig 20.
Top values for magnitude.
Show data table
valuecountshare
N/A40.7%
Unknown10.2%
F0-F110.2%
EF-3 equivalent10.2%
140 mph winds10.2%

source categorical metadata

This appears to be a citation/provenance field naming the agency or publication that supplied each record (e.g., NOAA offices, meteorological institutes, journals). It is almost entirely empty: 98.6% null, with only 8 non-null values across 571 rows, and every observed source occurs exactly once (top_rate 0.125, entropy_ratio 1.0). With no repetition, the column carries no categorical signal in its current state.

Treatment: Drop or retain as provenance metadata only; too sparse and unique for modelling.

anthropic:claude-opus-4-7 · confidence high
Out[62]:

saturn.columns["source"].stats

statvalue
n571
nulls563 (98.6%)
unique8
top_value Journal of Geophysical Research
top_rate 0.125
cardinality 8
entropy 3
entropy_ratio 1
alert: long_tail8 singleton categories
alert: null_rate98.6% null
Fig 21.
Top values for source.
Show data table
valuecountshare
Journal of Geophysical Research10.2%
NOAA NWS Miami10.2%
NOAA Storm Prediction Center10.2%
Icelandic Met Office10.2%
Norwegian Meteorological Institute10.2%
NOAA NWS Sacramento10.2%
NOAA Storm Events Database10.2%
Atmospheric Research10.2%

How to cite

click to copy

BibTeX
@misc{saturn-quirky-atmospheric-real-2026,
  author       = {Steuber, Luke},
  title        = {Saturn reading: quirky atmospheric real},
  year         ={2026},
  howpublished = {\url{https://dr.eamer.dev/saturn/view/quirky-atmospheric_real}},
  note         = {Profiled with saturn-dissect v0.2.0, prompt saturn-insight-v2, model anthropic:claude-opus-4-7},
}
APA
Steuber, L. (2026). Saturn reading: quirky atmospheric real. Source: /home/coolhand/html/datavis/data_trove/data/quirky/atmospheric_real.json. Profiled with saturn-dissect v0.2.0 (saturn-insight-v2, anthropic:claude-opus-4-7). Retrieved from https://dr.eamer.dev/saturn/view/quirky-atmospheric_real